Spring(7)-Spring init-method and destroy-method example

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本文介绍如何在Spring框架中使用init-method和destroy-method属性来定义bean的初始化和销毁方法，替代实现InitializingBean和DisposableBean接口。通过具体代码示例展示了如何配置这些方法，并解释了它们的工作原理。

In Spring, you can use init-method and destroy-method as attribute in bean configuration file for bean to perform certain actions upon initialization and destruction. Alternative toInitializingBean and DisposableBean interface.

Example

Here’s an example to show you how to use init-method and destroy-method.

package com.mkyong.customer.services;
 
public class CustomerService
{
	String message;
 
	public String getMessage() {
	  return message;
	}
 
	public void setMessage(String message) {
	  this.message = message;
	}
 
	public void initIt() throws Exception {
	  System.out.println("Init method after properties are set : " + message);
	}
 
	public void cleanUp() throws Exception {
	  System.out.println("Spring Container is destroy! Customer clean up");
	}
 
}

File : Spring-Customer.xml, define init-method and destroy-method attribute in your bean.

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
 
	<bean id="customerService" class="com.mkyong.customer.services.CustomerService" 
		init-method="initIt" destroy-method="cleanUp">
 
		<property name="message" value="i'm property message" />
	</bean>
 
</beans>

Run it

package com.mkyong.common;
 
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.mkyong.customer.services.CustomerService;
 
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
    	ConfigurableApplicationContext context = 
		new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"Spring-Customer.xml"});
 
    	CustomerService cust = (CustomerService)context.getBean("customerService");
 
    	System.out.println(cust);
 
    	context.close();
    }
}

The ConfigurableApplicationContext.close will close the application context, releasing all resources and destroying all cached singleton beans.

Output

Init method after properties are set : i'm property message
com.mkyong.customer.services.CustomerService@47393f
...
INFO: Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.
support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@77158a: 
defining beans [customerService]; root of factory hierarchy
Spring Container is destroy! Customer clean up

The initIt() method is called, after the message property is set, and the cleanUp() method is called after the context.close();

Thoughts…
It’s always recommended to use init-method and destroy-method in bean configuration file, instead of implement the InitializingBean and DisposableBean interface to cause unnecessarily coupled your code to Spring.