项目结构
proj
|
|— proj-model
| |
| |— src
| |— pom (jar)
| |
|
|— proj-dao
| |
| |— src
| |— pom (jar)
| |
|
|— proj-service
| |
| |— src
| |— pom (jar)
| |
|
|— proj-web
| |
| |— src
| |— pom (war)
| |
|
|— pom.xml (pom)
|
这里的 proj 项目分了 4 个模块,它们分别是:proj-model(数据模型层)、proj-dao(数据库访问层)、proj-service(业务逻辑层)、
proj-web(页面表现层)。下面我们来依次的来创建这几个项目(确保你的 maven 环境已经配置好,以下是 window 环境的 cmd 终端操作) 。
创建模块项目
01.创建 proj 项目
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.fanlychie -DartifactId=proj
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.fanlychie -DartifactId=proj-model
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.fanlychie -DartifactId=proj-dao
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.fanlychie -DartifactId=proj-service
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.fanlychie -DartifactId=proj-web -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp
for /r /d %i in (proj-*) do move %i proj
rd /S /Q proj\src
mkdir proj\proj-web\src\main\java
mkdir proj\proj-web\src\test\java
for /r /d %i in (proj\proj-*) do rd /S /Q %i\src\main\java\org
for /r /d %i in (proj\proj-*) do rd /S /Q %i\src\test\java\org
父模块 proj/pom.xml 配置
作为父模块,packaging 类型必须是 pom
<
groupId
>org.fanlychie
</
groupId
>
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
< packaging >pom </ packaging >
声明子模块
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
< packaging >pom </ packaging >
<
modules
>
< module >proj-model </ module >
< module >proj-dao </ module >
< module >proj-service </ module >
< module >proj-web </ module >
</ modules >
在父模块中可以通过 dependencyManagement 对依赖的包进行统一的管理
< module >proj-model </ module >
< module >proj-dao </ module >
< module >proj-service </ module >
< module >proj-web </ module >
</ modules >
<
properties
>
< spring .version >4.1.5.RELEASE </ spring.version >
</ properties >
< dependencyManagement >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-context </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-webmvc </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ dependencyManagement >
配置完成之后,父模块以及父模块的子模块不会引入任何的构件依赖,这只是为了让子模块能够继承得到这些配置,这样做的好处是,在子模块中只
< spring .version >4.1.5.RELEASE </ spring.version >
</ properties >
< dependencyManagement >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-context </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-webmvc </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ dependencyManagement >
需要声明 groupId 和 artifactId 不需要声明 version 就能准确的获取得到依赖的构件。这样一来,不仅能够使子模块的依赖配置变得简单,
还能使项目范围内所有依赖的构件的版本能够得到统一,它们可以在父模块中统一的来管理,这样可以避免模块之间由于版本不一致而引发的异常。
你还可以在父模块中通过 pluginManagement 来对依赖的插件进行统一的管理
<
build
>
< pluginManagement >
< plugins >
< plugin >
< groupId >org.eclipse.jetty </ groupId >
< artifactId >jetty-maven-plugin </ artifactId >
< version >9.2.8.v20150217 </ version >
</ plugin >
</ plugins >
</ pluginManagement >
</ build >
proj/pom.xml 完整的配置:
< pluginManagement >
< plugins >
< plugin >
< groupId >org.eclipse.jetty </ groupId >
< artifactId >jetty-maven-plugin </ artifactId >
< version >9.2.8.v20150217 </ version >
</ plugin >
</ plugins >
</ pluginManagement >
</ build >
<
project
xmlns
="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
< packaging >pom </ packaging >
< name >proj </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< properties >
< spring .version >4.1.5.RELEASE </ spring.version >
</ properties >
< modules >
< module >proj-model </ module >
< module >proj-dao </ module >
< module >proj-service </ module >
< module >proj-web </ module >
</ modules >
< dependencyManagement >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-context </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-webmvc </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ dependencyManagement >
< build >
< pluginManagement >
< plugins >
< plugin >
< groupId >org.eclipse.jetty </ groupId >
< artifactId >jetty-maven-plugin </ artifactId >
< version >9.2.8.v20150217 </ version >
</ plugin >
</ plugins >
</ pluginManagement >
</ build >
</ project >
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
< packaging >pom </ packaging >
< name >proj </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< properties >
< spring .version >4.1.5.RELEASE </ spring.version >
</ properties >
< modules >
< module >proj-model </ module >
< module >proj-dao </ module >
< module >proj-service </ module >
< module >proj-web </ module >
</ modules >
< dependencyManagement >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
< version >${project.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-context </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework </ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-webmvc </ artifactId >
< version >${spring.version} </ version >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ dependencyManagement >
< build >
< pluginManagement >
< plugins >
< plugin >
< groupId >org.eclipse.jetty </ groupId >
< artifactId >jetty-maven-plugin </ artifactId >
< version >9.2.8.v20150217 </ version >
</ plugin >
</ plugins >
</ pluginManagement >
</ build >
</ project >
子模块 proj-model/pom.xml 配置
作为子模块,需要在 pom.xml 中声明其父模块
<
parent
>
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
GAV(groupId、artifactId、version)参考父模块。
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
maven 默认认为父模块是在当前项目 pom.xml 所在的目录的上一级目录中,这里的 proj 项目结构设计符合这个规则。如果你的项目结构并不是
这样,你必须通过 <relativepath> 节点来指定你的父模块 pom.xml 所在的路径(默认是 <relativepath>../</relativepath>)。
<
parent
>
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
< relativePath >../ </ relativePath >
</ parent >
proj-model/pom.xml 完整配置:
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
< relativePath >../ </ relativePath >
</ parent >
<
project
xmlns
="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
< packaging >jar </ packaging >
< name >proj-model project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
</ project >
groupId 和 version 会从父模块中继承,在子模块中不需要再配置。
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
< packaging >jar </ packaging >
< name >proj-model project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
</ project >
子模块 proj-dao/pom.xml 配置
为该模块声明 proj-model 的依赖,因为该模块需要使用 proj-model 模块中的数据模型
<
dependencies
>
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
proj-dao/pom.xml 完整配置:
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
<
project
xmlns
="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
< packaging >jar </ packaging >
< name >proj-dao project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ project >
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
< packaging >jar </ packaging >
< name >proj-dao project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ project >
子模块 proj-service/pom.xml 配置
为该模块声明 proj-model、proj-dao 模块的依赖,因为该模块需要使用 proj-model 中的数据模型和 proj-dao 中的数据库访问接口
<
dependencies
>
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
proj-service/pom.xml 完整的配置:
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
<
project
xmlns
="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
< packaging >jar </ packaging >
< name >proj-service project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ project >
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
< packaging >jar </ packaging >
< name >proj-service project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-dao </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
</ project >
子模块 proj-web/pom.xml 配置
为该模块声明 proj-model、proj-service 的依赖,因为 proj-web 需要使用 proj-model 中的数据模型和 proj-service 中的业务逻辑
<
dependencies
>
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
proj-web/pom.xml 完整的配置:
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
<
project
xmlns
="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-web </ artifactId >
< packaging >war </ packaging >
< name >proj-web project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
< build >
< finalName >proj-web </ finalName >
</ build >
</ project >
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0 </ modelVersion >
< parent >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj </ artifactId >
< version >1.0-SNAPSHOT </ version >
</ parent >
< artifactId >proj-web </ artifactId >
< packaging >war </ packaging >
< name >proj-web project </ name >
< url >http://maven.apache.org </ url >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-model </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.fanlychie </ groupId >
< artifactId >proj-service </ artifactId >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
< build >
< finalName >proj-web </ finalName >
</ build >
</ project >
导入项目到 eclipse
配置完成之后,接下来可以将项目导入到 eclipse,在 eclipse 中右键 --> Import --> Maven --> Existing Maven Projects,将 proj项目所在的路径复制粘贴到 Root Directory 栏并敲回车,点击 Finish 按钮即可。

导入后的项目结构

示例源码下载: proj.zip
示例使用 jetty 作为 web 服务器,选中 proj-web --> 右键 --> Run As --> Maven build... --> Goals 栏输入 jetty:run

记得把 Resolve Workspace artifacts 选项勾选上,否则启动时会报错。访问方式: http://localhost/info
打包
选中父模块项目 proj --> 右键 --> Run As --> Maven build... --> Goals 栏输入 clean package 并执行。
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO]
[INFO]
proj
[INFO]
proj-model project
[INFO]
proj-dao project
[INFO]
proj-service project
[INFO]
proj-web project
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
. . . . . .
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary:
[INFO]
[INFO]
proj ............................................... SUCCESS [ 0.002 s]
[INFO]
proj-model project ................................. SUCCESS [ 1.100 s]
[INFO]
proj-dao project ................................... SUCCESS [ 0.102 s]
[INFO]
proj-service project ............................... SUCCESS [ 0.069 s]
[INFO]
proj-web project ................................... SUCCESS [ 0.552 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
可以看到,maven 在 build 的时候,会根据模块之间的依赖关系,整理出一个 build 的顺序,然后再按顺序来 build。
执行完 package 后,各个子模块的 target 目录下会输出相应的 JAR 或 WAR 包。
执行完 package 后,各个子模块的 target 目录下会输出相应的 JAR 或 WAR 包。