如何编写广播接收器
第一步:需要继承BroadcastReceiver类,覆写其中的onReceive()方法.
- class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
- //接收到广播会被自动调用
- @Override
- public void onReceive (Context context, Intent intent) {
- //从Intent中获取action
- …your code here…
- }
- }
第二步:定义好广播接收器还不行,必须向系统注册以便让其知道该接收器可以处理哪些广播事件。
常见方式是采用静态注册,修改MENIFEST.xml文件, 在<application></application>中加入receiver标签.
- <application>
- <activity name=""/>
- <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver">
- <!-- intent过滤器,指定可以匹配哪些intent, 一般需要定义action 可以是自定义的也可是系统的 -->
- <intent-filter>
- <action android:name="com.app.bc.test"/>
- </intent-filter>
- </receiver>
- </application>
第三步:此时我们可以发送一个广播事件出去,代码如下:
- Intent intent = new Intent(“com.app.bc.test”);
- sendBroadcast(intent);//发送广播事件
动态注册广播接收器
在某个Activity中,我们可以用代码来实现动态注册:- //生成一个BroadcastReceiver对象
- SMSReceiver smsReceiver = new SMSReceiver();
- //生成一个IntentFilter对象
- IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
- filter.addAction(“android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED”);
- //将BroadcastReceiver对象注册到系统当中
- //此处表示该接收器会处理短信事件
- TestBC1Activity.this.registerReceiver(smsReceiver, filter);
静态注册和动态注册的区别
1)静态注册:在AndroidManifest.xml注册,android不能自动销毁广播接收器,也就是说当应用程序关闭后,还是会接收广播。2)动态注册:在代码中通过registerReceiver()手工注册.当程序关闭时,该接收器也会随之销毁。当然,也可手工调用unregisterReceiver()进行销毁。
操作小结
静态注册的步骤:
定义广播接收器,继承BroadcastReceiver类,覆写onReceive函数.在xml文件中注册监听器,定义Intent-Filter中感兴趣的action操作.
使用sendBroadCast向系统发送对其感兴趣的广播接收器中.
动态注册的步骤:
- SMSReceiver smsReceiver = new SMSReceiver();
- IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
- filter.addAction(“android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED”);
- TestBC1Activity.this.registerReceiver(smsReceiver, filter);
(无需在配置文件中注册接收器)
应用实例
- package com.app.test02;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.content.IntentFilter;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- public class BroadCastActivity1 extends Activity{
- Intent intent = new Intent();
- BroadCastTest1 bCastTest1 = new BroadCastTest1();
- // BroadCastTest11 bCastTest11 = new BroadCastTest11();
- // BroadCastTest111 bCastTest111 = new BroadCastTest111();
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_bc1);
- //静态注册
- findViewById(R.id.button1).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- intent.setAction("bc.test101");
- intent.putExtra("name", "静态的");
- sendBroadcast(intent);
- // sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null);
- }
- });
- //动态注册
- findViewById(R.id.button2).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
- intentFilter.addAction("bc.test102");
- BroadCastActivity1.this.registerReceiver(bCastTest1, intentFilter);
- intent.setAction("bc.test102");
- intent.putExtra("name", "动态的");
- sendBroadcast(intent);
- // sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null);
- }
- });
- findViewById(R.id.button3).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- unregisterReceiver(bCastTest1);
- finish();
- }
- });
- }
- }
广播类
- package com.app.test02;
- import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- public class BroadCastTest1 extends BroadcastReceiver{
- @Override
- public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- String name = intent.getStringExtra("name");
- Toast.makeText(context, "广播1:" + name, 1000).show();
- System.out.println(1);
- }
- }
AndroidManifest.xml
- <receiver android:name=".BroadCastTest1">
- <intent-filter android:priority="3">
- <action android:name="bc.test101"/>
- </intent-filter>
- </receiver>
布局文件
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:background="#fff"
- android:padding="10dp">
- <LinearLayout
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:gravity="center_horizontal" >
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/button1"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="静态注册广播" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/button2"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="动态注册广播" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/button3"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="退出" />
- </LinearLayout>
- </LinearLayout>