ASP.NET AJAX 客户端访问 Web Service（6）

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-19 15:31:16 发布

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本文介绍了如何在WebService中使用不同标记返回XML数据，并通过示例展示了如何创建Employee类、ReturnXmlService.asmx服务及相应的页面实现。客户端通过按钮点击获取不同格式的XML输出。

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让WebService方法返回XML对象

默认以JSON格式返回数据
使用ScriptMethodAttribute进行标记（ResponseFormat属性设置为Xml，Response的Context-Type将为text/xml）
可以使用字符串拼接出XML并输出
可以返回Xml相关类型（XmlDocument,XmlElement）
返回普通对象时将使用XmlSerializer输出

一个让方法返回XML对象的示例

首先创建一个Employee类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

/// <summary>
///Employee 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class Employee
{
    private string _firstname;
    private string _lastname;
    private string _title;
    
    public Employee(string firstname,string lastname,string title)
    {
        this._firstname = firstname;
        this._lastname = lastname;
        this._title = title;
    }
    public Employee() { }
    public string FirstName
    {   
        get { return this._firstname; }
        set { this._firstname = value; }
    }
    public string LastName
    {
        set { this._lastname = value; }
        get { return this._lastname; }
    }
    public string Title
    {
        get { return this._title; }
    }

    public int Salary { get; set; }

    public string FullName
    {
        get
        {
            return this.FirstName + this.LastName;
        }
    }
    public static implicit operator string(Employee employee)
    {
        return employee.FullName;
    }
}

然后创建一个ReturnXmlService.asmx

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Script.Services;
using System.Xml;

/// <summary>
///ReturnXmlService 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
//若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消对下行的注释。 
[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
public class ReturnXmlService : System.Web.Services.WebService
{
    [WebMethod]
    [ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml)]
    public XmlNode GetXmlDocument()
    {
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.LoadXml("<Employee><Name>Xiaoyaojian</Name><Salary>5000</Salary></Employee>");

        return doc;
    }

    [WebMethod]
    [ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml)]
    public XmlNode GetXmlElement()
    {
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.LoadXml("<Employee><Name>Xiaoyaojian</Name><Salary>5000</Salary></Employee>");

        return doc.DocumentElement;
    }

    [WebMethod]
    [ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml)]
    public Employee GetEmployee()
    {
        return new Employee("bai", "yulong","developer");
    }

    [WebMethod]
    [ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml)]
    public string GetXmlString()
    {
        return "<Employee><Name>Xiaoyaojian</Name><Salary>5000</Salary></Employee>";
    }

    [WebMethod]
    [ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml, XmlSerializeString = true)]
    public string GetSerializedString()
    {
        return "<Employee><Name>Xiaoyaojian</Name><Salary>5000</Salary></Employee>";
    }
}

然后创建页面，使用这个WebService

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
        <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
            <Services>
                <asp:ServiceReference Path="~/Demo03/ReturnXmlService.asmx" InlineScript="true"/>
            </Services>
        </asp:ScriptManager>
        
        <input type="button" value="GetXmlDocument" onclick="ReturnXmlService.GetXmlDocument(onSucceeded);" /><br /><br />
        <input type="button" value="GetXmlElement" onclick="ReturnXmlService.GetXmlElement(onSucceeded);" /><br /><br />
        <input type="button" value="GetEmployee" onclick="ReturnXmlService.GetEmployee(onSucceeded);" /><br /><br />
        <input type="button" value="GetXmlString" onclick="ReturnXmlService.GetXmlString(onSucceeded);" /><br /><br />
        <input type="button" value="GetSerializedString" onclick="ReturnXmlService.GetSerializedString(onSucceeded);" />
        
        <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
            function onSucceeded(result)
            {
                alert(result.xml);
            }
        </script>
    </form>
</body>
</html>