Arm汇编学习笔记(一)——编写编译并执行简单汇编文件

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本文介绍了如何在Android平台下编写、编译和执行Arm汇编程序。首先创建了test.S文件，通过arm-linux-androideabi-as命令将其编译为.o文件，再使用arm-linux-androideabi-objdump反汇编查看代码。接着，通过特定选项将.o文件链接为可执行文件test.out，并在Android设备上运行验证其返回值，展示了完整的流程。

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1. 简单编译汇编文件并查看

  • 建立一个test.S文件，并输入以下内容：

    mov r0, r1

  • 命令行下输入命令：

arm-linux-androideabi-as test.S -o test.o

得到test.o


  • 反汇编.o文件查看汇编代码，输入命令：

arm-linux-androideabi-objdump -d test.o

得到以下输出：

test.o:     file format elf32-littlearm


Disassembly of section .text:

00000000 <.text>:
   0:	e1a00001 	mov	r0, r1

  • 查看.o文件的符号表，输入命令：arm-linux-androideabi-nm test.o

  • 通过ida查看test.o，内容如下：



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AND.............................................................................................................22 　 ORR..............................................................................................................22 　 EOR..............................................................................................................22 　 BIC...............................................................................................................23 比较指令......................................................................................................................23 　 CMP.............................................................................................................23 　 CMN.............................................................................................................23 　 TST...............................................................................................................24 　 TEQ..............................................................................................................24 乘法指令......................................................................................................................25 　 MUL.............................................................................................................25 　 MLA.............................................................................................................25 　 UMULL........................................................................................................25 　 UMLAL........................................................................................................26 　 SMULL........................................................................................................26 　 SMLAL........................................................................................................26 ARM跳转指令....................................................................................................................27 　 B...........................................................................................................................27 　 BL.........................................................................................................................27 　 BX........................................................................................................................27 ARM协处理器指令............................................................................................................28 　 CDP......................................................................................................................28 　 LDC......................................................................................................................29 　 STC......................................................................................................................29 　 MCR.....................................................................................................................30 　 MRC.....................................................................................................................30 ARM杂项指令....................................................................................................................31 　 SWI......................................................................................................................31 　 MRS.....................................................................................................................32 　 MSR.....................................................................................................................33 ARM伪指令........................................................................................................................34 　 ADR.....................................................................................................................35 　 ADRL...................................................................................................................35 　 LDR......................................................................................................................36 　 NOP......................................................................................................................37 Thumb指令集.............................................................................................................................39 Thumb指令集与ARM指令集的区别..............................................................................39 Thumb存储器访问指令.....................................................................................................40 　 LDR和STR........................................................................................................41 　 PUSH和POP......................................................................................................43 　 LDMIA和STMIA..............................................................................................43 Thumb数据处理指令.........................................................................................................45 数据传送指令..............................................................................................................46 　 MOV............................................................................................................46 　 MVN............................................................................................................46 　 NEG..............................................................................................................47 算术逻辑运算指令......................................................................................................47 　 ADD.............................................................................................................47 　 SUB..............................................................................................................48 　 ADC.............................................................................................................49 　 SBC..............................................................................................................49 　 MUL.............................................................................................................50 　 AND.............................................................................................................50 　 ORR..............................................................................................................50 　 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CMN.............................................................................................................54 　 TST...............................................................................................................54 Thumb跳转指令.........................................................................................................55 　 B...................................................................................................................55 　 BL.................................................................................................................55 　 BX................................................................................................................55 Thumb杂项指令.........................................................................................................56 　 SWI..............................................................................................................56 Thumb伪指令.............................................................................................................57 　 ADR.............................................................................................................57 　 LDR..............................................................................................................57 　 NOP..............................................................................................................58 伪指令..................................................................................................................................................59 符号定义伪指令..........................................................................................................................59 　 GBLA、GBLL、GBLS..............................................................................................59 　 LCLA、LCLL、LCLS................................................................................................60 　 SETA、SETL、SETS.................................................................................................61 　 RLIST...........................................................................................................................61 　 CN................................................................................................................................62 　 CP.................................................................................................................................62 　 DN、SN.......................................................................................................................62 　 FN.................................................................................................................................63 数据定义伪指令..........................................................................................................................63 　 LTORG.........................................................................................................................64 　 MAP.............................................................................................................................64 　 FIELD..........................................................................................................................65 　 SPACE..........................................................................................................................66 　 DCB.............................................................................................................................66 　 DCD和DCDU............................................................................................................67 　 DCDO..........................................................................................................................67 　 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INFO............................................................................................................................71 　 OPT..............................................................................................................................71 　 TTL和SUBT..............................................................................................................72 汇编控制伪指令..........................................................................................................................73 　 IF、ELSE和ENDIF...................................................................................................73 　 MACRO和MEND.....................................................................................................74 　 WHIL和WEND.........................................................................................................75 杂项伪指令..................................................................................................................................76 　 ALIGN.........................................................................................................................77 　 AREA...........................................................................................................................78 　 CODE16和CODE32..................................................................................................79 　 END.............................................................................................................................80 　 ENTRY.........................................................................................................................80 　 EQU.............................................................................................................................81 　 EXPORT和GLOBAL................................................................................................81 　 IMPORT和EXTERN.................................................................................................82 　 GET和INCLUDE......................................................................................................83 　 INCBIN........................................................................................................................83 　 KEEP............................................................................................................................83 　 NOFP...........................................................................................................................84 　 REQUIRE....................................................................................................................84 　 PEQUIRE8和PRESERVE8.......................................................................................84 　 RN................................................................................................................................84 　 ROUT...........................................................................................................................85 ARM伪指令................................................................................................................................86 　 ADR.............................................................................................................................86 　 ADRL...........................................................................................................................86 　 LDR..............................................................................................................................86 　 NOP..............................................................................................................................86 　 LDFD...........................................................................................................................86 　 LDFS............................................................................................................................87 Thumb伪指令.............................................................................................................................87 　 ADR.............................................................................................................................87 　 LDR..............................................................................................................................87 　 NOP..............................................................................................................................88 ARM汇编程序设计............................................................................................................................88 文件格式......................................................................................................................................88 ARM汇编的一些规范................................................................................................................88 汇编语句格式......................................................................................................................88 标号......................................................................................................................................89 　 基于PC的标号...................................................................................................89 　 基于寄存器的标号..............................................................................................90 　 绝对地址..............................................................................................................90 局部标号..............................................................................................................................90 符号......................................................................................................................................91 常量......................................................................................................................................91 　 数字常数..............................................................................................................91 　 字符常量..............................................................................................................92 　 布尔常量..............................................................................................................92 段定义..................................................................................................................................92 宏定义及其作用..................................................................................................................93 子程序的调用..............................................................................................................................94 数据比较跳转..............................................................................................................................95 循环..............................................................................................................................................95 数据块复制..................................................................................................................................95 栈操作..........................................................................................................................................96 特殊寄存器定义及应用..............................................................................................................96 散转功能......................................................................................................................................97 查表操作......................................................................................................................................97 长跳转..........................................................................................................................................97 对信号量的支持..........................................................................................................................98 伪指令使用..................................................................................................................................98 一个完整的例子..........................................................................................................................98 外围部件控制..............................................................................................................................99 三级流水线介绍..........................................................................................................................99 C与汇编混合编程............................................................................................................................100 内嵌汇编....................................................................................................................................100 内嵌汇编的指令用法........................................................................................................103 内嵌汇编器与armasm汇编器的差异.............................................................................104 内嵌汇编注意事项............................................................................................................104 访问全局变量............................................................................................................................106 C与汇编相互调用....................................................................................................................107 寄存器的使用规则............................................................................................................108 堆栈使用规则....................................................................................................................108 参数传递规则....................................................................................................................109 C程序调用汇编程序........................................................................................................110 汇编程序调用C程序.......................................................................................................111 ARM指令集列表..............................................................................................................................113 ARM存储器访问指令表列表..................................................................................................113 ARM数据处理指令列表..........................................................................................................114 ARM乘法指令列表..................................................................................................................115 ARM跳转指令列表..................................................................................................................116 ARM协处理器指令列表..........................................................................................................117 ARM杂项指令列表..................................................................................................................118 ARM伪指令列表......................................................................................................................119 Thumb指令集列表...........................................................................................................................120 Thumb存储器访问指令列表...................................................................................................120 Thumb数据处理指令列表.......................................................................................................121 Thumb跳转指令及软中断指令列表.......................................................................................122 Thumb伪指令列表...................................................................................................................123 汇编预定义变量及伪指令................................................................................................................124 预定义的寄存器和协处理器名................................................................................................124 通用寄存器........................................................................................................................124 程序状态寄存器................................................................................................................124 浮点数寄存器....................................................................................................................124 协处理器及协处理器寄存器............................................................................................125 内置变量列表............................................................................................................................125 伪指令列表................................................................................................................................126 指令条件码列表........................................................................................................................128 CPSR和SPSR分配图.............................................................................................................................129
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