python：用 mido 生成 midi文件，用 pygame 播放 mid文件

pip install mido
 Downloading mido-1.3.2-py3-none-any.whl (54 kB)
 Downloading packaging-23.2-py3-none-any.whl (53 kB)
Installing collected packages: packaging, mido
Successfully installed mido-1.3.2 packaging-23.2

mido 官网文档

pip intall pygame
 pygame  2.5.2

安装文档 D:/Python39/Lib/site-packages/pygame/docs/generated/index.html

编写  test1_mido.py  如下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from mido import Message, MidiFile, MidiTrack
 
mid = MidiFile()    # 创建MIDI文件
track = MidiTrack() # 创建一个音轨
mid.tracks.append(track)

track.append(Message("program_change", channel=0, program=2, time=0))
# 创建各个音符，并添加到音轨中
map1 = {'C4':60, 'D4':62, 'E4':64, 'F4':65, 'G4':67, 'A4':69, 'B4':71, 'C5':72}
# do: C4 = 60
track.append(Message("note_on", note=60, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=60, velocity=0, time=500))
# re: D4 = 62 
track.append(Message("note_on", note=62, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=62, velocity=0, time=500))
# mi: E4 = 64
track.append(Message("note_on", note=64, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=64, velocity=0, time=500))
# fa: F4 = 65
track.append(Message("note_on", note=65, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=65, velocity=0, time=500))
# sol:G4 = 67
track.append(Message("note_on", note=67, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=67, velocity=0, time=500))
# la: A4 = 69
track.append(Message("note_on", note=69, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=69, velocity=0, time=500))
# si: B4 = 71
track.append(Message("note_on", note=71, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=71, velocity=0, time=500))
# do^: C5 = 72
track.append(Message("note_on", note=72, velocity=96, time=0))
track.append(Message("note_off", note=72, velocity=0, time=500))

mid.save("test1.mid")

运行 python test1_mido.py  生成文件 test1.mid

查看 mid文件内容 （Message），编写  mido_msg.py  如下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
""" https://mido.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ """
import os
import sys
from tkinter import filedialog
from mido import MidiFile

# main()
if len(sys.argv) ==1:
    filetypes = [('mid file','.mid')]
    f1 = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir='D:/Music', filetypes=filetypes)
elif len(sys.argv) ==2:
    f1 = sys.argv[1]
else:
    print('usage: python mido_msg.py file1.mid')
    sys.exit(1)

if not os.path.exists(f1):
    print(f"{f1} is not exists.")
    sys.exit(2)

fn,ext = os.path.splitext(f1)
if ext.lower() != '.mid':
    print('ext is not .mid ')
    sys.exit(2)

print(f1)
try:
    # 打开 MIDI 文件
    mid = MidiFile(f1)
    # 遍历 MIDI 文件中的每个消息
    for i, track in enumerate(mid.tracks):
        print(f'Track {i}: {track.name}')
        for msg in track:
            print(msg)
except Exception as e:
    print(f"解析 MIDI 文件时出现错误: {e}")

运行  python mido_msg.py  happy_birthday.mid 

编写  play_mid.py  如下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import sys
import time
from tkinter import filedialog
import traceback
import pygame
from pygame import mixer

def mixer_init():
    freq = 44100
    bitsize = -16
    channels = 2
    buffer = 2048
    mixer.init(freq, bitsize, channels, buffer)
    # optional volume 0 to 1.0
    mixer.music.set_volume(0.9)

def play_mid(file):
    if mixer.music.get_busy():
        mixer.music.fadeout(1000)
        mixer.music.stop() 
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    try:
        mixer.music.load(file)
    except:
        print(traceback.format_exc())
    mixer.music.play()
    while mixer.music.get_busy():
        clock.tick(30)

# main()
if len(sys.argv) ==1:
    filetypes = [('mid file','.mid')]
    f1 = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir='D:/Music', filetypes=filetypes)
elif len(sys.argv) ==2:
    f1 = sys.argv[1]
else:
    print('usage: python play_mid.py file1.mid')
    sys.exit(1)

if not os.path.exists(f1):
    print(f"{f1} is not exists.")
    sys.exit(2)

fn,ext = os.path.splitext(f1)
if ext.lower() not in ('.mid','.mp3'):
    print('ext is not (.mid , .mp3)')
    sys.exit(2)

time1 = time.time()
print(f1)
mixer_init()
try:
    play_mid(f1)
except KeyboardInterrupt as ex:
    # if user hits Ctrl+C then exit
    # (works only in console mode)
    mixer.music.fadeout(1000)
    mixer.music.stop()
    raise SystemExit from ex
mixer.music.stop()
time2 = time.time()
print("run time: %.3f s" % (time2-time1))

运行 python play_mid.py test1.mid

详细参阅：Python编曲实践（一）：通过Mido和PyGame来编写和播放单轨MIDI文件

MidiEditor 打开 test1.mid 文件