第一步,获取随机的字符串:
public class SecurityCode {
public enum SecurityCodeLevel {
Simple, Medium, Hard
};
//对外提供被调用的方法,返回一个随机串
public static String getSecurityCode() {
return getSecurityCode(4, SecurityCodeLevel.Medium, false);
}
public static String getSecurityCode(int length, SecurityCodeLevel level,
boolean isCanRepeat) {
// 随机抽取len个字符
int len = length;
// 字符集合(除去易混淆的数字0、数字1、字母l、字母o、字母O)
char[] codes = { '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b',
'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'm', 'n', 'p',
'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B',
'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N',
'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' };
// 根据不同的难度截取字符数组
if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Simple) {
codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 9);
} else if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Medium) {
codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 33);
}
// 字符集合长度
int n = codes.length;
// 抛出运行时异常
if (len > n && isCanRepeat == false) {
throw new RuntimeException(
String.format(
"调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常,当isCanRepeat为%3$s时,传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s",
len, level, isCanRepeat, n));
}
// 存放抽取出来的字符
char[] result = new char[len];
// 判断能否出现重复的字符
if (isCanRepeat) {
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
// 索引 0 and n-1
int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
// 将result中的第i个元素设置为codes[r]存放的数值
result[i] = codes[r];
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
// 索引 0 and n-1
int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
// 将result中的第i个元素设置为codes[r]存放的数值
result[i] = codes[r];
// 必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符,因为所有抽取的字符必须不相同。
// 因此,这里用数组中的最后一个字符改写codes[r],并将n减1
codes[r] = codes[n - 1];
n--;
}
}
return String.valueOf(result);
}
}
public class SecurityImage {
public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode) {
// 验证码长度
int codeLength = securityCode.length();
// 字体大小
int fSize = 18;
int fWidth = fSize + 1;
// 图片宽度
int width = codeLength * fWidth + 20;
// 图片高度
int height = fSize * 2 + 10;
System.out.println("width=" + width +" height=" + height);
// 图片
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.createGraphics();
// 设置背景色
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
// 填充背景
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 设置边框颜色
g.setColor(Color.DARK_GRAY);
// 边框字体样式
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height - 2));
// 绘制边框
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
// 绘制噪点
Random rand = new Random();
// 设置噪点颜色
g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
for (int i = 0; i < codeLength * 6; i++) {
int x = rand.nextInt(width);
int y = rand.nextInt(height);
// 绘制1*1大小的矩形
g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);
}
// 绘制验证码
int codeY = 2* height / 3;
// 设置字体颜色和样式
g.setColor(new Color(0, 0, 153));
g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fSize));
for (int i = 0; i < codeLength; i++) {
// g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i * 16 + 10,
// codeY);
g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i*20+10,
codeY);
}
// 关闭资源
g.dispose();
return image;
}
//将图片转换成字节流并返回
public static ByteArrayInputStream getImageAsInputStream(String securityCode) {
BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode);
return convertImageToStream(image);
}
private static ByteArrayInputStream convertImageToStream(BufferedImage image) {
ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
JPEGImageEncoder jpeg = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(bos);
try {
jpeg.encode(image);
byte[] bts = bos.toByteArray();
inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bts);
} catch (ImageFormatException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return inputStream;
}
}
public class ValidCodeAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5633780176793520460L;
// 图片流
private ByteArrayInputStream imageStream;
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
String securityCode = SecurityCode.getSecurityCode();
imageStream = SecurityImage.getImageAsInputStream(securityCode);
// 放入session中
// session.put("securityCode", securityCode);
System.out.println("securityCode = " + securityCode);
request.getSession().setAttribute("securityCode", securityCode);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return SUCCESS;
}
public ByteArrayInputStream getImageStream() {
return imageStream;
}
public void setImageStream(ByteArrayInputStream imageStream) {
this.imageStream = imageStream;
}
}
第四步,在struts.xml配置文件当中配置上面的Action。
<package name="utils" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="SecurityCodeImageAction" class="com.bear.utils.ValidCodeAction">
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param>
<param name="inputName">imageStream</param>
<param name="bufferSize">2048</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
第五步,来到jsp展示页面,在需要的地方加上以下img标签:
<img src="<%=path%>/SecurityCodeImageAction.action"
alt="验证码" name="checkImg" id="checkImg"
style="position:relative; left:20px; height: 100%;display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"
onClick="document.getElementById('checkImg').src='<%=path%>/SecurityCodeImageAction.action?timestamp='+ (new Date().getTime().toString(36)); return false" />
以上步骤做完后,就可以验证效果了。