namenode 格式化错误 Unable to check if JNs are ready for formatting

今天在进行 bin/hadoop namenode -format 时候出现以下错误 ：

org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumException: Unable to check if JNs are ready for formatting. n
 
20/4/19 04:52:50 WARN namenode.NameNode: Encountered exception during format: 
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumException: Unable to check if JNs are ready for formatting. 3 exceptions thrown:
10.165.114.138:8485: Call From hd1/10.172.153.46 to hd3:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
10.172.218.18:8485: Call From hd1/10.172.153.46 to hd2:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
10.172.153.46:8485: Call From hd1/10.172.153.46 to hd1:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumException.create(QuorumException.java:81)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumCall.rethrowException(QuorumCall.java:223)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumJournalManager.hasSomeData(QuorumJournalManager.java:232)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Storage.confirmFormat(Storage.java:884)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.confirmFormat(FSImage.java:171)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.format(NameNode.java:937)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.createNameNode(NameNode.java:1379)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.main(NameNode.java:1504)
20/4/19 04:52:50 FATAL namenode.NameNode: Failed to start namenode.
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumException: Unable to check if JNs are ready for formatting. 3 exceptions thrown:
10.165.114.138:8485: Call From hd1/10.172.153.46 to hd3:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
10.172.218.18:8485: Call From hd1/10.172.153.46 to hd2:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
10.172.153.46:8485: Call From hd1/10.172.153.46 to hd1:8485 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumException.create(QuorumException.java:81)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumCall.rethrowException(QuorumCall.java:223)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.qjournal.client.QuorumJournalManager.hasSomeData(QuorumJournalManager.java:232)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Storage.confirmFormat(Storage.java:884)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.confirmFormat(FSImage.java:171)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.format(NameNode.java:937)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.createNameNode(NameNode.java:1379)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.main(NameNode.java:1504)
20/4/19 04:52:50 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 1
20/4/19 04:52:50 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG: 
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at hd1/10.172.153.46
************************************************************/

有两种方式可以解决：
（1）在各JournalNode节点上，输入以下命令启动journalnode服务：
sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode:
然后格式化就没问题了

（2）HA模式第一次或删除格式化版本后格式化失败，报如上错误：
则先启动 ./start-dfs.sh
再进行 格式化，则成功