什么是make config,make menuconfig,make oldconfig,make xconfig,make defconfig,make gconfig?

本文介绍了在内核配置及软件配置过程中常用的六种make配置工具:makeconfig、makemenuconfig、makeoldconfig、makexconfig、makedeconfig与makegconfig。详细解释了每种配置工具的特点及应用场景。

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在进行内核配置,或者是对一些软件的配置和编译中,常常会遇到:
make config
make menuconfig
make oldconfig
make xconfig
make defconfig
make gconfig

—————————————————————————————
1、make config
是文本式,对话式,基于命令行的一种配置。
2、make menuconfig
这是有菜单选项以及有辅助图形界面的配置,基于ncurses库。(常常使用)
3、make oldconfig
使用旧的(之前)的配置
4、make xconfig
真正意义上的用到了图形界面的配置,使用的是QT的库。由于会加载额外的库,并不是用得很多。
5、make deconfig
直接使用某个默认的配置,和配置内容相关,与使用何种配置方式无关。
6、make gconfig
也是使用的图形界面,用到的是GTK的库。

详细讲解参见:
http://www.crifan.com/make_config_make_menuconfig_make_oldconfig_make_xconfig_make_defconfig/

Build directory for the kernel ------------------------------ When compiling the kernel, all output files will per default be stored together with the kernel source code. Using the option ``make O=output/dir`` allows you to specify an alternate place for the output files (including .config). Example:: kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-4.X build directory: /home/name/build/kernel To configure and build the kernel, use:: cd /usr/src/linux-4.X make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig make O=/home/name/build/kernel sudo make O=/home/name/build/kernel modules_install install Please note: If the ``O=output/dir`` option is used, then it must be used for all invocations of make. Configuring the kernel ---------------------- Do not skip this step even if you are only upgrading one minor version. New configuration options are added in each release, and odd problems will turn up if the configuration files are not set up as expected. If you want to carry your existing configuration to a new version with minimal work, use ``make oldconfig``, which will only ask you for the answers to new questions. - Alternative configuration commands are:: "make config" Plain text interface. "make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs. "make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus. "make xconfig" Qt based configuration tool. "make gconfig" GTK+ based configuration tool. "make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of your existing ./.config file and asking about new config symbols. "make silentoldconfig" Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen with questions already answered. Additionally updates the dependencies. "make olddefconfig" Like above, but sets new symbols to their default values without prompting. "make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig, depending on the architecture. "make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default symbol values from arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig. Use "make help" to get a list of all available platforms of your architecture. "make allyesconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol values to 'y' as much as possible. "make allmodconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol values to 'm' as much as possible. "make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol values to 'n' as much as possible. "make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol values to random values. "make localmodconfig" Create a config based on current config and loaded modules (lsmod). Disables any module option that is not needed for the loaded modules. To create a localmodconfig for another machine, store the lsmod of that machine into a file and pass it in as a LSMOD parameter. target$ lsmod > /tmp/mylsmod target$ scp /tmp/mylsmod host:/tmp host$ make LSMOD=/tmp/mylsmod localmodconfig The above also works when cross compiling. "make localyesconfig" Similar to localmodconfig, except it will convert all module options to built in (=y) options. You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt. - NOTES on ``make config``: - Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers. - A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger, but will work on different machines regardless of whether they have a math coprocessor or not. - The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you should probably answer 'n' to the questions for "development", "experimental", or "debugging" features. ——详述一下这段话的步骤
最新发布
08-09
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