linux network config

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-05-31 16:13:41 发布 2k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

Netconf网络配置协议讲解 NETCONF（Network Configuration Protocol）网络配置协议，提供一套管理网络设备的机制。用户可以使用这套机制增加、修改、删除网络设备的配置，获取网络设备的配置和状态信息。NETCONF有三个对象NETCONF客户端、NETCONF服务器、NETCONF消息。阅读详情

1, linux 代理proxy的设置

PROXY=http://wwwgate0-hk.mot.com:1080
wwwgate0-ch.mot.com
wwwgate0-sw.mot.com
proxy: wwwgate0.mot.com
DNS:
DNS1=10.193.143.1
DNS2=10.194.128.15
sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

例如：/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

# D-Link System Inc DGE-530T Gigabit Ethernet Adapter (rev 11)
DEVICE=eth1
HWADDR=00:13:72:20:2f:ba
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
TYPE=Ethernet
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no
USERCTL=yes
#DNS1=10.193.143.1
#DNS2=10.194.128.15

DNS1=10.193.143.1
DNS2=10.194.128.15
IPADDR=192.168.1.2
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1

2，active network
Activate:/sbin/ifup eth0 (Also: ifconfig eth0 up- Note: Even if no IP address is assigned you can listen.)

De-Activate:/sbin/ifdown eth0 (Also: ifconfig eth0 down)

GUI Interface control/configuration:

Start/Stop network interfaces:

/usr/bin/system-control-network (Fedora Core 2/3)
/usr/bin/redhat-control-network (RH 9.0 - FC-1)

网络的设置后用什么命令可以让整个网络重新启动： /etc/init.d/network restart

/etc/init.d/network {start|stop|restart|reload|status} 加上restart就可以重启了。

service network restart

3，Usefull Linux networking commands:

/etc/rc.d/init.d/network start - command to start, restart or stop the network

netstat - Display connections, routing tables, stats etc

eg:

List externally connected processes: netstat -punta

List all connected processes: netstat -nap

Show network statistics: netstat -s

Display routing table info: netstat -rn

Display interface statistics: netstat -i

ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts. Use Cntl-C to stop ping.

traceroute - print the route packets take to network host.

mtr- a network diagnostic tool introduced in Fedora - Like tracerouteexcept it gives more network quality and network diagnostic info. Leaverunning to get real time stats. Reports best and worst round trip timesin milliseconds.

whois - Lookup a domain name in the internic whois database.

finger - Display information on a system user. i.e. finger user@host Uses $HOME/.plan and $HOME/.project user files. Often used by game developers. See http://finger.planetquake.com/

iptables - IP firewall administration (Linux kernel 2.6/2.4) See YoLinux firewall/gateway configuration. ipchains - IP firewall administration (Linux kernel 2.2) See YoLinux firewall/gateway configuration.

socklist - Display list of open sockets, type, port, process id and the name of the process. Kill with fuser or kill.

host - Give a host name and the command will return IP address. Unlike nslookup, the host command will use both /etc/hosts as well as DNS. Example: host domain-name-of-server

nslookup - Give a host name and the command will return IP address. Also see Testing your DNS (YoLinux Tutorial) Note that nslookup does not use the /etc/hosts file.

4, Linux TCP/IP Network Configuration Files:

/etc/resolve.conf List DNS servers for internet domain name resolution. Manual page for: /etc/resolv.conf

/etc/hosts Lists hosts to be resolved locally (not by DNS). Manual page for: /etc/hosts

/etc/nsswitch.conf List order of host name search. Typically look at local files, then NIS server, then DNS server.

Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS: /etc/sysconfig/network Specify network configuration. eg. Static IP, DHCP, NIS, etc.

Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-device Specify TCP network information.

Ubuntu/Debian: /etc/network/interfaces Specify network configuration and devices. eg. Static IP and info, DHCP, etc.

5, Fedora / Red Hat Network GUI Configuration Tools:

TCP/IP ethernet configuration:

Network configuration: /usr/sbin/system-config-network (FC-2/3) /usr/bin/redhat-config-network (/usr/bin/neat) (RH 7.2+ FC-1)

Text console configuration tool: /usr/sbin/system-config-network-tui Fedora Core 2/3 /usr/bin/redhat-config-network-tui

Text console network configuration tool. First interface only - eth0: /usr/sbin/netconfig

6, Assigning an IP address:

Command Line:

/sbin/ifconfig eth0 192.168.10.12 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255

Manually add the network configuration to /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 (Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS) for the first NIC,ifcfg-eth1 for the second, etc,

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

/etc/sysconfig/network
/etc/sysconfig/networking/

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ script

7, Adding a network interface card (NIC):

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