说了这么多,实际上我们要实现这样的功能:
public
static
object
InvokeWebService(
string
url,
string
methodname,
object
[] args)
其中,url是Web服务的地址,methodname是要调用服务方法名,args是要调用Web服务所需的参数,返回值就是web服务返回的结果了。
要实现这样的功能,你需要这几个方面的技能:反射、CodeDom、编程使用C#编译器、WebService。在了解这些知识后,就可以容易的实现web服务的动态调用了:
#region
InvokeWebService
// 动态调用web服务
public static object InvokeWebService( string url, string methodname, object [] args)
{
return WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url , null ,methodname ,args) ;
}
public static object InvokeWebService( string url, string classname, string methodname, object [] args)
{
string @namespace = " EnterpriseServerBase.WebService.DynamicWebCalling " ;
if ((classname == null ) || (classname == "" ))
{
classname = WebServiceHelper.GetWsClassName(url) ;
}
try
{
// 获取WSDL
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + " ?WSDL " );
ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream);
ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter();
sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "" , "" );
CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace);
// 生成客户端代理类代码
CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit();
ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn);
sdi.Import(cn ,ccu);
CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider();
ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler();
// 设定编译参数
CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters();
cplist.GenerateExecutable = false ;
cplist.GenerateInMemory = true ;
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.dll " );
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.XML.dll " );
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.Web.Services.dll " );
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.Data.dll " );
// 编译代理类
CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
if ( true == cr.Errors.HasErrors)
{
System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors)
{
sb.Append(ce.ToString());
sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine);
}
throw new Exception(sb.ToString());
}
// 生成代理实例,并调用方法
System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly;
Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + " . " + classname, true , true );
object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname);
return mi.Invoke(obj,args);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace));
}
}
private static string GetWsClassName( string wsUrl)
{
string [] parts = wsUrl.Split( ' / ' ) ;
string [] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1 ].Split( ' . ' ) ;
return pps[ 0 ] ;
}
#endregion
// 动态调用web服务
public static object InvokeWebService( string url, string methodname, object [] args)
{
return WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url , null ,methodname ,args) ;
}
public static object InvokeWebService( string url, string classname, string methodname, object [] args)
{
string @namespace = " EnterpriseServerBase.WebService.DynamicWebCalling " ;
if ((classname == null ) || (classname == "" ))
{
classname = WebServiceHelper.GetWsClassName(url) ;
}
try
{
// 获取WSDL
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + " ?WSDL " );
ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream);
ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter();
sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "" , "" );
CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace);
// 生成客户端代理类代码
CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit();
ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn);
sdi.Import(cn ,ccu);
CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider();
ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler();
// 设定编译参数
CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters();
cplist.GenerateExecutable = false ;
cplist.GenerateInMemory = true ;
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.dll " );
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.XML.dll " );
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.Web.Services.dll " );
cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( " System.Data.dll " );
// 编译代理类
CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
if ( true == cr.Errors.HasErrors)
{
System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors)
{
sb.Append(ce.ToString());
sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine);
}
throw new Exception(sb.ToString());
}
// 生成代理实例,并调用方法
System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly;
Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + " . " + classname, true , true );
object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname);
return mi.Invoke(obj,args);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace));
}
}
private static string GetWsClassName( string wsUrl)
{
string [] parts = wsUrl.Split( ' / ' ) ;
string [] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1 ].Split( ' . ' ) ;
return pps[ 0 ] ;
}
#endregion
上面的注释已经很好的说明了各代码段的功能,下面给个例子看看,这个例子是通过访问http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx 服务来获取各大城市的天气状况。
string
url
=
"
http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx
"
;
string [] args = new string [ 2 ] ;
args[ 0 ] = this .textBox_CityName.Text ;
args[ 1 ] = " China " ;
object result = WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url , " GetWeather " ,args) ;
this .label_Result.Text = result.ToString() ;
string [] args = new string [ 2 ] ;
args[ 0 ] = this .textBox_CityName.Text ;
args[ 1 ] = " China " ;
object result = WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url , " GetWeather " ,args) ;
this .label_Result.Text = result.ToString() ;
上述的例子中,调用web服务使用了两个参数,第一个是城市的名字,第二个是国家的名字,Web服务返回的是XML文档,可以从其中解析出温度、风力等天气情况。
最后说一下,C#虽然仍属于静态语言之列,但是其动态能力也是很强大的,不信,你可以看看Spring.net的AOP实现,这种“无侵入”的AOP实现比通常的.NET声明式AOP实现(一般是通过AOP Attribute)要漂亮的多。