Android 6.0以上,即API 23以上,引入了动态权限申请,其中普通权限只需在AndroidManifest.xml中处理即可,而特殊权限不仅要在AndroidManifest.xml中申请,还需要在代码中动态申请。
普通权限如下:
android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY
android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
android.permission.ACCESS_WIMAX_STATE
android.permission.BLUETOOTH
android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY
android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE
android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
android.permission.CHANGE_WIMAX_STATE
android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD
android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
android.permission.FLASHLIGHT
android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
android.permission.INTERNET
android.permission.KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES
android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS
android.permission.NFC
android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS
android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
android.permission.REORDER_TASKS
android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE
android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER
android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ
android.permission.TRANSMIT_IR
android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT
android.permission.VIBRATE
android.permission.WAKE_LOCK
android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS
com.android.alarm.permission.SET_ALARM
com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT
com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT
需要单独申请的权限如下,共分为九组,每组只要有一个权限申请成功则默认整组权限可以使用了。
group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
group:android.permission-group.PHONE
permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
permission:android.permission.CAMERA
group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
group:android.permission-group.SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
申请步骤
1、首先列出需要申请的权限,并用一个List存放还未获取的权限用于申请
/**
* Permission List
* */
private static final String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, //存储权限
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, //读取联系人
Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE, //读取手机状态
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, //定位权限
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, //定位权限
Manifest.permission.CAMERA}; //相机权限
private List<String> permissionList;
2、在应用启动之初申请权限
permissionList = new ArrayList<>();
// 判断哪些权限未授予
// 检查权限 GRANTED---授权 DINIED---拒绝
for (String permission : PERMISSIONS) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
permissionList.add(permission);
}
}
// 请求未授予权限
if (!permissionList.isEmpty()) {
String[] permissions = permissionList.toArray(new String[permissionList.size()]);
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, 1);
}
3、定义回调函数
/**
* Callback received when a PERMISSIONS request has been completed.
*/
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode){
case 1:
for (int i=0; i<grantResults.length; ++i) {
if(grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
// 用户拒绝授权
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permissions[i])) {
// 用户已经禁止提示,提示开启
Toast.makeText(this, "您已禁止权限,需要重新开启。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
// 重新申请权限
requestForPermissions();
}
}
}
break;
}
}
效果展示