极光推送原理与实现-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/augfun/article/details/72721208

官网地址https://www.jiguang.cn/push

## 推送原理 ##

- xmpp 是一种基于TCP/IP的协议, 这种协议更适合消息发送
- socket 套接字, 发送和接收网络请求
- 长连接 keep-alive, 服务器基于长连接找到设备,发送消息
- 心跳包 , 客户端会定时(30秒一次)向服务器发送一段极短的数据,作为心跳包, 服务器定时收到心跳,证明客户端或者,才会发消息.否则将消息保存起来,等客户端活了之后(重新连接),重新发送.

> 客户端轮询(客户端定时主动拉取数据), 浪费流量, 浪费性能

Mainifis文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.ldw.push"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
    
    <permission
        android:name="com.ldw.push.permission.JPUSH_MESSAGE"
        android:protectionLevel="signature" />

    <!-- Required  一些系统要求的权限，如访问网络等 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="com.ldw.push.permission.JPUSH_MESSAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_USER_PRESENT" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />

    <!-- Optional for location -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:name="com.ldw.push.MyApplication"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.ldw.push.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        
    <!-- Required SDK核心功能 -->
        <activity
            android:name="cn.jpush.android.ui.PushActivity"
            android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Translucent.NoTitleBar" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.ui.PushActivity" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="com.ldw.push" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <!-- Required  SDK核心功能 -->
        <service
            android:name="cn.jpush.android.service.DownloadService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="false" >
        </service>

        <!-- Required SDK 核心功能 -->
        <service
            android:name="cn.jpush.android.service.PushService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="false" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.REGISTER" />
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.REPORT" />
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.PushService" />
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.PUSH_TIME" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

        <!-- Required SDK核心功能 -->
        <receiver
            android:name="cn.jpush.android.service.PushReceiver"
            android:enabled="true" >
            <intent-filter android:priority="1000" >
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.NOTIFICATION_RECEIVED_PROXY" /> <!-- Required  显示通知栏 -->
                <category android:name="com.ldw.push" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.USER_PRESENT" />
                <action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE" />
            </intent-filter>
            <!-- Optional -->
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REMOVED" />

                <data android:scheme="package" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <!-- Required SDK核心功能 -->
        <receiver android:name="cn.jpush.android.service.AlarmReceiver" />

        <!-- User defined.    用户自定义的广播接收器 -->
        <receiver
            android:name=".PushReceiver"
            android:enabled="true" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.REGISTRATION" /> <!-- Required  用户注册SDK的intent -->
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.UNREGISTRATION" />
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.MESSAGE_RECEIVED" /> <!-- Required  用户接收SDK消息的intent -->
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.NOTIFICATION_RECEIVED" /> <!-- Required  用户接收SDK通知栏信息的intent -->
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.NOTIFICATION_OPENED" /> <!-- Required  用户打开自定义通知栏的intent -->
                <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.CONNECTION" /> <!-- 接收网络变化 连接/断开 since 1.6.3 -->
                <category android:name="com.ldw.push" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <!-- Required  . Enable it you can get statistics data with channel -->
        <meta-data
            android:name="JPUSH_CHANNEL"
            android:value="developer-default" />
        <meta-data
            android:name="JPUSH_APPKEY"
            android:value="bca36288203977d0722a7996" /> <!-- </>值来自开发者平台取得的AppKey -->
    </application>


</manifest>

MainActivity.java

package com.ldw.push;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //使用自定义的application
        MyApplication application = (MyApplication) getApplication();
		application.doSomething();
    }


    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
    
}

自定义Application来取代系统Application MyApplication.java

package com.ldw.push;

import android.app.Application;
import cn.jpush.android.api.JPushInterface;

/*
 * 自定义application
 */
public class MyApplication  extends Application{

	@Override
	public void onCreate() {
		super.onCreate();
		System.out.println("应用创建啦....");
		
		JPushInterface.setDebugMode(true);
	    JPushInterface.init(this);
	}
	
	public void doSomething() {
		System.out.println("do something...");
	}
}

自定义广播接收者PushReceiver.java

package com.ldw.push;

import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import cn.jpush.android.api.JPushInterface;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

public class PushReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

	private static final String TAG = "PushReceiver";

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
		Log.d(TAG, "onReceive - " + intent.getAction());

		if (JPushInterface.ACTION_REGISTRATION_ID.equals(intent.getAction())) {

		} else if (JPushInterface.ACTION_MESSAGE_RECEIVED.equals(intent
				.getAction())) {
			System.out.println("收到了自定义消息。消息内容是："
					+ bundle.getString(JPushInterface.EXTRA_MESSAGE));
			// 自定义消息不会展示在通知栏，完全要开发者写代码去处理
		} else if (JPushInterface.ACTION_NOTIFICATION_RECEIVED.equals(intent
				.getAction())) {
			System.out.println("收到了通知");
			// 在这里可以做些统计，或者做些其他工作
		} else if (JPushInterface.ACTION_NOTIFICATION_OPENED.equals(intent
				.getAction())) {
			System.out.println("用户点击打开了通知");
			// 在这里可以自己写代码去定义用户点击后的行为
			String extra = bundle.getString(JPushInterface.EXTRA_EXTRA);
			System.out.println("附加信息:" + extra);

			try {
				JSONObject jo = new JSONObject(extra);
				String url = jo.getString("url");

				System.out.println("url:" + url);
				// 跳浏览器加载网页
			} catch (JSONException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}

		}
	}

}

179.n1-极光推送