90.game_snake(2)

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本文介绍了一个使用C++编程语言实现的经典贪吃蛇游戏。游戏包括控制台界面，蛇、食物和墙的类定义，以及蛇的移动、食物的生成和碰撞检测等关键功能。通过使用Windows API进行光标位置更新，实现了游戏的动态效果。

game.cpp

// 55.tanchi.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include "wall.h"
#include "snake.h"
#include "food.h"
#include <ctime>
#include <conio.h>
#include <Windows.h>

//更新光标位置
void gotoxy(HANDLE hOut, int x, int y)
{
	COORD pos;
	pos.X = x;             //横坐标
	pos.Y = y;            //纵坐标
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos);
}
HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//定义显示器句柄变量

int main()
{

	//添加随机种子
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));

	//是否死亡标示
	bool isDead = false;

	char preKey = NULL;

	Wall wall;
	wall.initWall();
	wall.drawWall();

	Food food(wall);
	food.setFood();

	Snake snake(wall,food);
	snake.initSnake();

	/*模拟移动
	snake.move('w');
	snake.move('w');
	snake.move('a');
	*/
	gotoxy(hOut, 0, Wall::ROW);//定位光标然后画出来
	cout << "得分：" << snake.getScore() << "分" << endl;
	
	//持续移动
	while (!isDead)
	{
		char key = _getch();

		//判断 如果是第一次按了 左键 才不能激活游戏
		// 判断 上一次 移动方向
		if (preKey == NULL && key == snake.LEFT)
		{
			continue;
		}

		do
		{
			if (key == snake.UP || key == snake.DOWN || key == snake.LEFT || key == snake.RIGHT)
			{
				//判断本次按键 是否与上次冲突
				if ((key == snake.LEFT && preKey == snake.RIGHT) ||
					(key == snake.RIGHT && preKey == snake.LEFT) ||
					(key == snake.UP && preKey == snake.DOWN) ||
					(key == snake.DOWN && preKey == snake.UP))
				{
					key = preKey;//冲突按键就执行上一次按键
				}
				else
				{
					preKey = key; //不是冲突按键  可以更新按键
				}

				if (snake.move(key) == true)
				{
					//移动成功 代码
					//system("cls");//清屏操作
					//wall.drawWall();
					gotoxy(hOut, 0, Wall::ROW);//定位光标然后画出来
					cout << "得分：" << snake.getScore() << "分" << endl;
					Sleep(snake.getSleepTime());
				}
				else
				{
					isDead = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			else
			{
				key = preKey;
			}
			
		} while (!_kbhit());//没有键盘输入的时候返回0

	}
	/*
	//测试
	wall.setWall(5, 4, '=');
	wall.setWall(5, 5, '=');
	wall.setWall(5, 6, '@');

	cout << wall.getWall(0, 0) << endl;
	cout << wall.getWall(5, 4) << endl;
	cout << wall.getWall(5, 6) << endl;
	cout << wall.getWall(1, 1) << endl;
	*/

	//wall.drawWall();

	system("pause");
	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

wall.h

#ifndef _WALL_HEAD
#define _WALL_HEAD


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Wall
{
public:
	enum {
		ROW = 26,
		COL = 26
	};
	//初始化墙壁
	void initWall();
	//画出墙壁
	void drawWall();
	//根据索引设置 二维数组里的内容
	void setWall(int x, int y, char c);
	//根据索引获取当前位置的符号
	char getWall(int x, int y);

private:
	char gameArray[ROW][COL];
};

#endif

wall.cpp

#include "wall.h"


void Wall::initWall()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < ROW; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < COL; j++)
		{
			//放置墙壁
			if (i == 0 || j == 0 || i == ROW - 1 || j == COL - 1)
			{
				gameArray[i][j] = '*';
			}
			else
			{
				gameArray[i][j] = ' ';
			}
		}
	}

}

void Wall::drawWall()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < ROW; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < COL; j++)
		{
			cout << gameArray[i][j] << " ";
		}
		if (i == 5)
		{
			cout << "create by zt";
		}
		if (i == 6)
		{
			cout << "a : left";
		}
		if (i == 7)
		{
			cout << "d : right";
		}
		if (i == 8)
		{
			cout << "w : up";
		}
		if (i == 9)
		{
			cout << "s : down";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
}

void Wall::setWall(int x, int y, char c)
{
	gameArray[x][y] = c;
}

char Wall::getWall(int x, int y)
{
	return gameArray[x][y];
}

food.h

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include "wall.h"
using namespace std;

class Food
{
public:
	Food(Wall & tempWall);

	//设置食物
	void setFood();


	int foodX;
	int foodY;

	Wall & wall;
};

food.cpp

#include "food.h"
#include <windows.h>
void gotoxy2(HANDLE hOut2, int x, int y)
{
	COORD pos;
	pos.X = x;             //横坐标
	pos.Y = y;            //纵坐标
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut2, pos);
}
HANDLE hOut2 = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//定义显示器句柄变量

Food::Food(Wall & tempWall) : wall(tempWall)
{

}

void Food::setFood()
{
	while (true)
	{
		foodX = rand() % (Wall::ROW - 2) + 1;
		foodY = rand() % (Wall::COL - 2) + 1;

		//如果随机的位置是蛇头或蛇身 就重新生成随机数
		if (wall.getWall(foodX, foodY) == ' ')
		{

			wall.setWall(foodX, foodY, '#');
			gotoxy2(hOut2, foodY * 2, foodX);//定位光标然后画出来
			cout << "#";
			break;
		}
	}
}

snake.h

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include "wall.h"
#include "food.h"

using namespace std;

class Snake
{

public:
	Snake(Wall & tempWall, Food & food);

	enum 
	{
		UP = 'w', DOWN = 's', LEFT = 'a', RIGHT = 'd'
	};

	struct Point
	{
		//数据
		int x;
		int y;

		//指针
		Point *next;
	};

	//初始化蛇
	void initSnake();

	// 销毁节点
	void destroyPoint();

	// 添加节点
	void addPoint(int x, int y);

	// 删除节点
	void delPoint();

	//移动蛇操作
	//返回值代表 移动是否成功
	bool move(char key);

	//设定难度
	//获取刷屏时间
	int getSleepTime();
	//获取蛇身段
	int countList();

	//获取分数
	int getScore();

	//头节点
	Point * pHead;
	//维护一个墙对象
	Wall & wall;

	Food & food;

	bool isRool; //判断循环标示
};

snake.cpp

#include "snake.h"
#include <windows.h>
void gotoxy1(HANDLE hOut1, int x, int y)
{
	COORD pos;
	pos.X = x;             //横坐标
	pos.Y = y;            //纵坐标
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut1, pos);
}
HANDLE hOut1 = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//定义显示器句柄变量

Snake::Snake(Wall & tempWall, Food & tmpFood) : wall(tempWall), food(tmpFood)
{
	pHead = NULL;
	isRool = false;
}

void Snake::initSnake()
{
	destroyPoint();
	addPoint(5, 3);
	addPoint(5, 4);
	addPoint(5, 5);
}

void Snake::destroyPoint()
{
	Point * pCur = pHead;
	while (pHead != NULL)
	{
		pCur = pHead->next;
		delete pHead;
		pHead = pCur;
	}

}

void Snake::addPoint(int x, int y)
{
	Point * newPoint = new Point;
	newPoint->x = x;
	newPoint->y = y;
	newPoint->next = NULL;
	//如果原来头不为空 改为 身子
	if (pHead != NULL)
	{
		wall.setWall(pHead->x, pHead->y, '=');
		gotoxy1(hOut1, pHead->y * 2, pHead->x);//定位光标然后画出来
		cout << "=";
	}
	newPoint->next = pHead;//原来的头部后移

	pHead = newPoint; //更新头部

	wall.setWall(pHead->x, pHead->y, '@');//更新头部的图片
	gotoxy1(hOut1, pHead->y * 2, pHead->x);//定位光标然后画出来
	cout << "@";
}

void Snake::delPoint()
{
	//限制2个节点以上才会删除
	if (pHead == NULL || pHead->next == NULL)
	{
		return;
	}
	Point * pCur = pHead->next;
	Point * pPre = pHead;
	//指针后移，直到移动到最后
	while (pCur->next != NULL)
	{
		pPre = pPre->next;
		pCur = pCur->next;
	}
	//删除尾节点

	wall.setWall(pCur->x, pCur->y, ' ');
	gotoxy1(hOut1, pCur->y * 2, pCur->x);//定位光标然后画出来
	cout << " ";

	delete pCur;
	pCur = NULL;
	pPre->next = NULL;
}

bool Snake::move(char key)
{
	int x = pHead->x;
	int y = pHead->y;
	switch (key)
	{
	case UP:
		x--;
		break;
	case DOWN:
		x++;
		break;
	case LEFT:
		y--;
		break;
	case RIGHT:
		y++;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}

	//判断 如果是下一步碰到的是尾巴，不应该死亡
	Point * pCur = pHead->next;
	Point * pPre = pHead;

	//指针后移，直到移动到最后
	while (pCur->next != NULL)
	{
		pPre = pPre->next;
		pCur = pCur->next;
	}
	if (pCur->x == x && pCur->y == y)
	{
		//碰到尾巴
		isRool = true;
	}
	else
	{
		//判断用户到达位置是否成功
		if (wall.getWall(x, y) == '*' || wall.getWall(x, y) == '=')
		{
			addPoint(x, y);
			delPoint();
			system("cls");
			wall.drawWall();
			cout << "得分：" << getScore() << "分" << endl;
			cout << "GAME OVER!!!" << endl;
			return false;
		}
	}

	
	//移动成功 分两种  
	//吃到食物  未吃到食物
	if (wall.getWall(x, y) == '#')
	{
		addPoint(x, y);

		//重新设置食物
		food.setFood();
	}
	else//没有吃到食物往前走
	{
		addPoint(x, y);
		delPoint();
		if (isRool == true)
		{
			wall.setWall(x, y, '@');
			gotoxy1(hOut1, 2 * y, x);//定位光标然后画出来
			cout << "@";
		}

	}
	return true;
}

//刷新的时间
int Snake::getSleepTime()
{
	int sleepTime = 0;
	int size = countList();
	if (size < 5)
	{
		sleepTime = 300;
	}
	else if (size >= 5 && size <= 8)
	{
		sleepTime = 200;
	}
	else
	{
		sleepTime = 100;
	}
	return sleepTime;
}

//长度
int Snake::countList()
{
	int size = 0;
	Point * curPoint = pHead;
	while (curPoint != NULL)
	{
		size++;

		curPoint = curPoint->next;
	}
	return size;
}

//得分
int Snake::getScore()
{
	int size = countList();

	int score = (size - 3) * 100;

	return score;
}