Virtualization With KVM On CentOS 7 (bridge network mode)

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-13 10:10:33 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-06-13 10:10:33 发布 · 364 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

运维专栏收录该内容

52 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细指导如何在服务器中启用VT技术，安装KVM和相关软件，禁用并配置NetworkManager，创建网络桥接，下载并验证ISO镜像，部署CentOS 7虚拟机，以及克隆和调整VM配置。适合深入理解虚拟化和网络配置的读者。

# Make sure that Virtualization Technology (VT) is enabled in your server’s BIOS
$ lscpu | grep Virtualization
Virtualization: VT-x

# Install kvm
yum install qemu-kvm libvirt libvirt-python libguestfs-tools virt-install

# Disable and stop NetworkManager
# NetworkManager is known to cause problems when working with Linux Bridge, so for us it’s better to disable it:
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager

# Start the libvirtd service:
systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl start libvirtd

# Verify kvm installation
lsmod | grep -i kvm

# If you want your VMs avilable to other servers on your LAN,
# setup a a network bridge on the server that connected to the your LAN.
# Update your nic config file such as ifcfg-enp4s0 or em1:
cp ifcfg-enp4s0 ifcfg-br0
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp4s0
# 以下是修改后的全部文件内容（极简）:
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEVICE=eno49
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0

# Edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0:
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
# 以下是修改后的全部文件内容（极简），局域网地址192.168.8.0/24:
TYPE=Bridge
BOOTPROTO=static
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.8.250
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.8.1
DNS1=202.96.134.133

# Restart the networking service (warning ssh command will disconnect, it is better to reboot the box):
systemctl restart network

# Download virtual machine image
cd /var/lib/libvirt/boot/
wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso

# Verify ISO images:
wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/sha256sum.txt
sha256sum -c sha256sum.txt

# Create CentOS 7.x VM
# 过程中一定要配置网络，否则虚拟机无法访问外部或被外部访问:
# IP设置为192.168.8.201，NETMASK设置为255.255.255.0，GATEWAY设置为192.168.8.1，DNS设置为202.96.134.133
# 两个可选项(Connect automatically after reboot 和 Apply configuration in installer)勾选上
virt-install \
--virt-type=kvm \
--name=vm1 \
--vcpus=1 \
--memory=2048 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--location=/var/lib/libvirt/boot/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso \
--disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm1.qcow2,size=20,bus=virtio,format=qcow2 \
--graphics none \
--extra-args='console=ttyS0' \
--force

# 克隆VM
virsh shutdown vm1
virt-clone --original vm1 --name vm2 --file /var/lib/libvirt/images/vm2.qcow2
# 登录vm2，修改ip地址和主机名：
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens3
vi /etc/hostname
virsh restart vm2
virsh start vm1

## 如果磁盘空间不足，为虚拟机准备磁盘空间（从/home目录分割出一部分空间）
tar -czvf /root/home.tgz -C /home .
umount /dev/mapper/centos-home
lvremove /dev/mapper/centos-home
lvcreate -L 200GB -n home centos
mkfs.xfs /dev/centos/home
mount /dev/mapper/centos-home
tar -xzvf /root/home.tgz -C /home