CentOS (6.6) Nginx (1.14.0) 安装配置 详细教程

系统平台：CentOS 6.6 64位。
一、安装编译工具及库文件

[root@bogon src]# yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel
二、首先要安装 PCRE (作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能)

1、下载 PCRE 安装包,下载地址:http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

[root@bogon src]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

2、解压安装包:

[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
3、进入安装包目录

[root@bogon src]# cd pcre-8.35

4、编译安装

[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# ./configure
[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# make && make install

5、查看pcre版本

[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version

6、安装 Nginx 
1)、下载 Nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

[root@bogon src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

2)、解压安装包

[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

3)、进入安装包目录

[root@bogon src]# cd nginx-1.14.0
[root@bogon src]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake
[root@bogon src]# yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

4)、编译安装

[root@bogon nginx-1.14.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-stream --with-http_ssl_module
[root@bogon nginx-1.14.0]# make
[root@bogon nginx-1.14.0]# make install

7、查看nginx版本

[root@bogon nginx-1.14.0]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
提示找不到libpcre.so.1解决方法

[root@bogon nginx-1.14.0]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64

到此，nginx安装完成。

三、Nginx 配置 
1、创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd www 
[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

2、配置nginx.conf ，将/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为 3 中的内容

[root@bogon conf]#  vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

3、nginx.conf

user www www;
worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致
error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  log_format main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

  #charset gb2312;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;
  keepalive_timeout 60;
  tcp_nodelay on;
  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  gzip on; 
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers 4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
  #下面是server虚拟主机的配置
 server
  {
    listen 80;#监听端口
    server_name localhost;#域名
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /usr/local/webserver/nginx/html;#站点目录
      location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
    {
      expires 30d;
  # access_log off;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires 15d;
   # access_log off;
    }
    access_log off;
  }
}

4、检查配置文件ngnix.conf的正确性命令：

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

5、启动 Nginx

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

6、Nginx 其他命令

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload            # 重新载入配置文件
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen            # 重启 Nginx
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop              # 停止 Nginx

四、将Nginx 加入到系统自动启动项 
1、首先写一个shell脚本，脚本名称：nginx

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

2、输入如下内容：

#!/bin/bash
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
# it is v.0.0.2 version.
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
# processname: nginx
nginxd=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid
RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# Start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
   echo "nginx already running...."
   exit 1
fi
   echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
   daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
   RETVAL=$?
   echo
   [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
   return $RETVAL
}
# Stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
        killproc $nginxd
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
}
# reload nginx service functions.
reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
    killproc $nginxd -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
        start
        ;;
stop)
        stop
        ;;
reload)
        reload
        ;;
restart)
        stop
        start
        ;;
status)
        status $prog
        RETVAL=$?
        ;;
help)
        echo "感谢www.phpernote.com提供的教程！"
        ;;
*)
        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
        exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL

# 使用说明

# service nginx start 启动 nginx

# service nginx stop 停止 nginx

# service nginx reload 重新加载 nginx

# service nginx restart 先停止 nginx，再启动 nginx

# service nginx status 查看 nginx 服务状态

# service nginx help 查看 nginx 帮助

注意：以上代码中的如下三行代码需要替换为你自己的相关信息，nginxd即nginx启动文件的位置，可通过which查找，nginx_config即nginx配置文件的位置，可通过 find / -name nginx.conf 命令查找。

nginxd=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx 
nginx_config=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid 
nginx_pid一般不用修改。

3、将以上shell脚本保存，并执行下列命令将该文件设置为可执行权限：

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
# 或者

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

4、将nginx加入到系统服务中

chkconfig --add nginx
# 或者
chkconfig nginx on

五、常见问题 
nginx.pid 路径下找不到nginx.pid

解决方法 :

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
--------------------- 
作者：SnailOK 
来源：优快云 
原文：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jesse919/article/details/80350669?utm_source=copy 
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！