Data Contract for Collection
我们照例用例子来说明问题,在这里我们创建一个批量处理Order的Service,于是我们创建了一个OrderCollection Type:
namespace
Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract
{
[DataContract]
public class Order
{
[DataMember]
public Guid OrderID
{ get; set; }
[DataMember]
public DateTime OrderDate
{ get; set; }
}
public class OrderCollection : List<Order>
{
}
}
下面是Service Contract的定义:
namespace
Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract
{
[ServiceContract]
public interface IOrderManager
{
[OperationContract(Name = "ProcessWithCollection")]
void Process(OrderCollection orders);
}
面是OrderCollection 在XSD中的呈现:
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
<
xs:schema
elementFormDefault
="qualified"
targetNamespace
="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
xmlns:xs
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:tns
="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
xmlns:ser
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"
>
<
xs:import
schemaLocation
="http://artech/Artech.SpecialDataContract/OrderManagerService.svc?xsd=xsd1"
namespace
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"
/>
<
xs:complexType
name
="ArrayOfOrder"
>
<
xs:sequence
>
<
xs:element
minOccurs
="0"
maxOccurs
="unbounded"
name
="Order"
nillable
="true"
type
="tns:Order"
/>
</
xs:sequence
>
</
xs:complexType
>
<
xs:element
name
="ArrayOfOrder"
nillable
="true"
type
="tns:ArrayOfOrder"
/>
<
xs:complexType
name
="Order"
>
<
xs:sequence
>
<
xs:element
minOccurs
="0"
name
="OrderDate"
type
="xs:dateTime"
/>
<
xs:element
minOccurs
="0"
name
="OrderID"
type
="ser:guid"
/>
</
xs:sequence
>
</
xs:complexType
>
<
xs:element
name
="Order"
nillable
="true"
type
="tns:Order"
/>
</
xs:schema
>
加上通过Add Service Reference默认生成的Class,我们可以很清楚地看出Collection是以Array的形式呈现的(Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.OrderManagerService.Order[] orders):
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute(
"
System.ServiceModel
"
,
"
3.0.0.0
"
)]
[System.ServiceModel.ServiceContractAttribute(ConfigurationName
=
"
OrderManagerService.IOrderManager
"
)]
public
interface
IOrderManager
{
[System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithCollection", ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithCollectionResponse")]
void ProcessWithCollection(Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.OrderManagerService.Order[] orders);
}
因为Array相对很Common的数据类型,基本上所有的厂商均提供了对Array的支持,这也是WCF在通过Add Service Reference生成Client端代码的时候,会生成Array的原因。不过并不是我们只有唯一的选择,事实上VS为此提供了扩展,允许我们对于基于Collection 的Data Contract生成我们需要的各种类型,我们只需要在Add Service Reference的时候选择“Configure Service Reference”进行相应的配置:
通过上面的截图,我们发现在Collection Type一项我们有若干选项,我们可以选择我们希望生成的数据类型:Array,ArrayList,LinkedList,Generic List,Collection和BindingList。
Data Contract for Dictionary
前面的内容,我们分别讨论了基于Generic和Collection的Data Contract,接下来,我们来讨论最后一个特殊的数据类型的Data Contract:Dictionary。
延续上面的Order Batch Processing的例子,不过我们现在处理的不是一个OrderCollection对象,而是一个Dictionary对象,线面是Service Contract和Order的定义:
namespace
Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract
{
[ServiceContract]
public interface IOrderManager
{
[OperationContract(Name = "ProcessWithCollection")]
void Process(OrderCollection orders);
[OperationContract(Name = "ProcessWithDictionary")]
void Process(IDictionary<Guid, Order> orders);
}
}
[DataContract]
public
class
Order
{
[DataMember]
public Guid OrderID
{ get; set; }
[DataMember]
public DateTime OrderDate
{ get; set; }
}
闲话少说,我们来看XSD:
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
<
xs:schema
elementFormDefault
="qualified"
targetNamespace
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays"
xmlns:xs
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:tns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays"
xmlns:ser
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"
>
<
xs:import
schemaLocation
="http://artech/Artech.SpecialDataContract/OrderManagerService.svc?xsd=xsd1"
namespace
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"
/>
<
xs:import
schemaLocation
="http://artech/Artech.SpecialDataContract/OrderManagerService.svc?xsd=xsd2"
namespace
="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
/>
<
xs:complexType
name
="ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3"
>
<
xs:annotation
>
<
xs:appinfo
>
<
IsDictionary
xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"
>
true
</
IsDictionary
>
</
xs:appinfo
>
</
xs:annotation
>
<
xs:sequence
>
<
xs:element
minOccurs
="0"
maxOccurs
="unbounded"
name
="KeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3"
>
<
xs:complexType
>
<
xs:sequence
>
<
xs:element
name
="Key"
type
="ser:guid"
/>
<
xs:element
name
="Value"
nillable
="true"
type
="q1:Order"
xmlns:q1
="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
/>
</
xs:sequence
>
</
xs:complexType
>
</
xs:element
>
</
xs:sequence
>
</
xs:complexType
>
<
xs:element
name
="ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3"
nillable
="true"
type
="tns:ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3"
/>
</
xs:schema
>
Data Contract的名称为ArrayOfKeyValueOfguidOrder_SkVQi6O3=ArrayOfKeyValueOf+guid(Key的类型)+Order(Value)+_SkVQi6O3(Hash Value)。从该XSD的结构我们不难看出,只是一个数组,每个元素为Key-Value pair。
我们照例看看通过Add Service Reference方式生成的Client端code中的对应的定义:
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute(
"
System.ServiceModel
"
,
"
3.0.0.0
"
)]
[System.ServiceModel.ServiceContractAttribute(ConfigurationName
=
"
OrderManagerService.IOrderManager
"
)]
public
interface
IOrderManager
{
[System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithDictionary", ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/IOrderManager/ProcessWithDictionaryResponse")]
void ProcessWithDictionary(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.Guid, Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.OrderManagerService.Order> orders);
}
生成的是一个System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary类型。同Collection一样,也依然可以有多种选择:

[原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(1):Data Contract Overview
[原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(2):WCF Data Contract对Generic的支持
[原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(3):WCF Data Contract对Collection & Dictionary的支持
[原创]谈谈WCF中的Data Contract(4):WCF Data Contract Versioning
本文深入探讨了WCF中基于Collection和Dictionary的DataContract实现细节,包括如何定义和服务契约,以及客户端代码生成的不同选项。


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