android 里面一些关于时间的组件

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-06 10:30:37 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-02-06 10:30:37 发布 · 831 阅读

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本文详细介绍了如何在Android应用中使用DatePicker、TimePicker和CalendarView组件来选择日期与时间，包括如何监听用户的选择，并提供了实例代码以供参考。

1. DatePicker 供用户选择日期；TimePicker 供用户选择时间。我所使用的开发工具：AndroidStudio1.5

如果程序需要获取用户选择的日期，时间，则可通过为 DatePicker 添加 OnDateChangeListener 进行监听；为 TimePicker 添加 OnTimerChangedListener 进行监听。效果如下(如果不能选择日期，时间，可能是主题的原因)：

content_main.xml 布局文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
    tools:context="com.scxh.choosedate.MainActivity"
    tools:showIn="@layout/activity_main">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="选择的时间" />

    <!-- android:calendarViewShown="" 设置日期选择器是否显示 CalendarView 组件
        android:spinnersShown="" 设置日期选择器是否显示 Spinner 日期选择组件-->
    <DatePicker
        android:id="@+id/datePicker"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:startYear="2000"
        android:endYear="2016"
        android:calendarViewShown="true"
        android:spinnersShown="true"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="280dp">
    </DatePicker>

    <TimePicker
        android:id="@+id/timePicker"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="100dp">
    </TimePicker>

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/show"
        android:editable="false"
        android:cursorVisible="false"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>
</span>

MainActivity.java ：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.scxh.choosedate;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.DatePicker;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TimePicker;

import java.util.Calendar;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private int year;
    private int month;
    private int day;
    private int hour;
    private int minute;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        DatePicker datePicker = (DatePicker)findViewById(R.id.datePicker);
        TimePicker timePicker = (TimePicker)findViewById(R.id.timePicker);

        Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
        year = c.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        month = c.get(Calendar.MONTH);
        day = c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
        hour = c.get(Calendar.HOUR);
        minute = c.get(Calendar.MINUTE);

        // 初始化 DatePicker，初始化时指定监听器
        datePicker.init(year, month, day, new DatePicker.OnDateChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onDateChanged(DatePicker view, int year, int monthOfYear, int dayOfMonth) {
                MainActivity.this.year = year;
                MainActivity.this.month = month;
                MainActivity.this.day = day;
                // 显示当前的时间
                showDate(year, month, day, hour, minute);
            }
        });

        timePicker.setOnTimeChangedListener(new TimePicker.OnTimeChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onTimeChanged(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
                MainActivity.this.hour = hourOfDay;
                MainActivity.this.minute = minute;

                showDate(year, month, day, hour, minute);
            }
        });
    }

    private void showDate(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute) {
        EditText show = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.show);
        show.setText("你选择的日期：" + year + "年"
                + (month + 1) + "月" + day + "日 "
                + hour + "时" + minute + "分");
    }

}
</span>

2. 日历视图 CalendarView 组件：

CalendarView 可用于显示和选择日期，也可以通过触摸来滚动日历，如果需要监听该组件日期的改变，可调用 setOnDateChangeListener() 方法来为该组件添加点击事件监听器。下面只是一个简单的实例，效果如下：

content_main.xml 布局文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
    tools:context="com.crazy.simpleui.MainActivity"
    tools:showIn="@layout/activity_main">

    <TextView
        android:text="选择你想选择的时间："
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <!--设置以星期一为每周的第一天，
        设置共显示4个星期,
        android:weekNumberColor 设置显示周编号的颜色
        android:selectedWeekBackgroundColor 被选定周的背景颜色
        android:focusedMonthDateColor 获取焦点的月份的日期颜色
        android:weekSeparatorLineColor 设置周分割线的颜色-->
    <CalendarView
        android:id="@+id/calendarView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:firstDayOfWeek="2"
        android:shownWeekCount="4"
        android:weekNumberColor="#00f"
        android:selectedWeekBackgroundColor="#999"
        android:focusedMonthDateColor="#0f0"
        android:weekSeparatorLineColor="#ff0"
        android:unfocusedMonthDateColor="#f5f">

    </CalendarView>
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java :

package com.crazy.simpleui;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.CalendarView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        CalendarView calendarView = (CalendarView)findViewById(R.id.calendarView);

        calendarView.setOnDateChangeListener(new CalendarView.OnDateChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onSelectedDayChange(CalendarView view, int year,
                                            int month, int dayOfMonth) {

                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你选择的日期是：" + year + "年"
                    + month + "月" + dayOfMonth + "日", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }

}