总结：bootstrap框架、导航条、下拉菜单、轮播广告carousel、栅格系统布局、标签页tabs、模态框、菜单定位、打开新标签

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-07 20:27:19 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-02-07 20:27:19 发布 · 置顶 · 1.5k 阅读

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本文详细介绍了Bootstrap框架的核心组件，包括导航条的构建，下拉菜单的设计，轮播广告的实现，灵活的栅格系统布局，标签页的使用，模态框的创建以及如何实现菜单项打开新标签页。通过对这些关键特性的探讨，旨在帮助读者更好地理解和应用Bootstrap进行网页设计。

bootstrap框架

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn"><!-- 语言设置 -->
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><!-- 浏览器缩放 -->
    <title>Bootstrap</title>
    <!-- Bootstrap -->
    <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

    <!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
    <!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// -->

    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
      <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
      <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
   <![endif]-->

  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>你好</h1>
    <!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) -->
    <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed -->
    <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

<nav class="nabber navbar-default" role="navigation"><!--导航条、默认样式、role定义内容是一个导航条-->
    <div class="container-fluid"><!--container居中固定宽度、c-f自适应大小的导航条-->
        <div class="navbar-header">

            <!--在响应式浏览器宽度小于一定值时，显示按钮-->
            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            </button>

            <!--logo图标-->
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>

        </div>

        <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"><!--包裹代码，在宽度大于一定值时，button和此代码是没有作用的-->

            <!--导航条导航项目-->
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                <li class="active"><a href="#">a</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">a</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</nav>
    .navbar-inverse:改变导航条的背景颜色
    .container:居中显示
    固定导航条会遮盖页面内容，解决办法设置body的*padding-top*

下拉菜单

<li class="dropdown">
    <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">下拉菜单<span class="caret"></span></a>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
        <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Something else</a></li>
        <li class="divider"></li>
        <li><a href="#">linkkk/a></li>
    </ul>
</li>
    data属性API可以使用所有的Bootstrap插件

轮播广告（carousel）

<div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">

    <!--底部导航点。。。-->
    <ol class="carousel-indicators">
        <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0"></li>
        <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1" class="active"></li>
        <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li>
    </ol>

    <!--轮播广告内容-->
    <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox">
        <div class="item active">
            <img src="…">
            <div class="carousel-caption">……</div>
        </div>
        <div class="item active">
            <img src="…">
            <div class="carousel-caption">……</div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <!--左右箭头-->
    <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev">
        <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left"></span>
        <pan class="sr-only">previous</span>
    </a>
    <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next">
        <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right"></span>
        <pan class="sr-only">Next</span>
    </a>
</div>
    .data-slide-to索引，指向轮播广告的内容，从0开始
    .carousel设置广告框的样式(高度、背景色)
    .carousel .item设置广告框的样式(高度、背景色)

栅格系统布局

<div class="container">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
        <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
        <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
    </div>
</div>

标签页tabs

<!--标签-->
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist">
    <li class="active"><a href="#home" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Home</a></li>
    <li><a href="#profile" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Profile</a></li>
    <li><a href="#messages" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Messages</a></li>
    <li><a href="#settings" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Settings</a></li>
</ul>

<!--标签的内容-->
<div class="tab-content">
    <div class="tab-pane active" id="home">…</div>
    <div class="tab-pane" id="profile">…</div>
    <div class="tab-pane" id="messages">…</div>
    <div class="tab-pane" id="settings">…</div>
</div>

模态框

<div class="modal fade">
    <div class="modal-dialog">
        <div class="content">

            <!--标签头部-->
            <div class="modal-header">
                <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
                    <span class="sr-only">Close</span>
                    <h4 class="modal-title">Modal title</h4>
                </button>
            </div>

            <!--标签体-->
            <div class="modal-body">
                …
            </div>

            <!--标签底部-->
             <div class="modal-footer">
                 <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
                 <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Save</button>
             </div>

        </div>
    </div>
</div>

打开标签页

$('myTab a[href="profile"]').tab('show');
$('myTab a:first').tab('show');
$('myTab a:last').tab('show');
$('myTab li:eq(2)a').tab('show');

<!--页面加载完成执行代码-->

    <!--给下拉菜单ul的上层div定义id便于寻找，同步修改-->
    $("#demo-navbar .dropdown-menu a").click(function(){
        var href=$(this).attr("href");<!--获取链接属性-->

        <!--获取tab-list中a标签的属性值-->
        $("#tab-list a[href='" + href + "']").tab('show')

    });
    <!--下拉菜单-->
});