Android环境搭建及开发利器

1.ubuntu系统下载

http://www.ubuntu.com.cn

12.04版本镜像  http://releases.ubuntu.com//precise/ubuntu-12.04.2-desktop-i386.iso

2.Android Studio下载
下载地址：http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/studio.html#download

3.android源码下载

在ubuntu系统上按照以下步骤进行就可以了

第一步：确保bin目录

$ mkdir ~/bin
$ PATH=~/bin:$PATH



 第二步：下载repo脚本
$ curl https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo > ~/bin/repo
$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo



第三步：创建要下载到代码目录
$ mkdir WORKING_DIRECTORY
$ cd WORKING_DIRECTORY


第四步：repo初始化
 
$ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest


此时会列出如下代码分支：

 * [new branch]      tradefed   -> origin/tradefed
 * [new branch]      tradedef   -> origin/tradedef
 * [new branch]      tools_r20  -> origin/tools_r20
 * [new branch]      master-dalvik -> origin/master-dalvik
 * [new branch]      master     -> origin/master
 * [new branch]      ics-mr1    -> origin/ics-mr1
 * [new branch]      ics-mr0    -> origin/ics-mr0
 * [new branch]      gingerbread-release -> origin/gingerbread-release
 * [new branch]      gingerbread -> origin/gingerbread
 * [new branch]      froyo      -> origin/froyo
 * [new branch]      android-sdk-adt_r20 -> origin/android-sdk-adt_r20
 * [new branch]      android-sdk-adt_r16.0.1 -> origin/android-sdk-adt_r16.0.1
 * [new branch]      android-sdk-4.0.3_r1 -> origin/android-sdk-4.0.3_r1
 * [new branch]      android-sdk-4.0.3-tools_r1 -> origin/android-sdk-4.0.3-tools_r1
 * [new branch]      android-cts-verifier-4.0_r1 -> origin/android-cts-verifier-4.0_r1
 * [new branch]      android-cts-verifier-4.0.3_r1 -> origin/android-cts-verifier-4.0.3_r1
 * [new branch]      android-cts-4.0_r1 -> origin/android-cts-4.0_r1
 * [new branch]      android-cts-4.0.3_r2 -> origin/android-cts-4.0.3_r2
 * [new branch]      android-cts-4.0.3_r1 -> origin/android-cts-4.0.3_r1
 * [new branch]      android-cts-2.3_r12 -> origin/android-cts-2.3_r12
 * [new branch]      android-cts-2.3_r11 -> origin/android-cts-2.3_r11
 * [new branch]      android-cts-2.3_r10 -> origin/android-cts-2.3_r10
 * [new branch]      android-cts-2.2_r8 -> origin/android-cts-2.2_r8
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.4_r2.1 -> origin/android-4.0.4_r2.1
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.4_r2 -> origin/android-4.0.4_r2
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.4_r1.2 -> origin/android-4.0.4_r1.2
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.4_r1.1 -> origin/android-4.0.4_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.4_r1 -> origin/android-4.0.4_r1
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.3_r1.1 -> origin/android-4.0.3_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.3_r1 -> origin/android-4.0.3_r1
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.2_r1 -> origin/android-4.0.2_r1
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.1_r1.2 -> origin/android-4.0.1_r1.2
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.1_r1.1 -> origin/android-4.0.1_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-4.0.1_r1 -> origin/android-4.0.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3_r1 -> origin/android-2.3_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.7_r1 -> origin/android-2.3.7_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.6_r1 -> origin/android-2.3.6_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.6_r0.9 -> origin/android-2.3.6_r0.9
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.5_r1 -> origin/android-2.3.5_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.4_r1 -> origin/android-2.3.4_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.4_r0.9 -> origin/android-2.3.4_r0.9
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.3_r1.1 -> origin/android-2.3.3_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.3_r1 -> origin/android-2.3.3_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.2_r1 -> origin/android-2.3.2_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.3.1_r1 -> origin/android-2.3.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.2_r1.3 -> origin/android-2.2_r1.3
 * [new branch]      android-2.2_r1.2 -> origin/android-2.2_r1.2
 * [new branch]      android-2.2_r1.1 -> origin/android-2.2_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-2.2_r1 -> origin/android-2.2_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.2.3_r2.1 -> origin/android-2.2.3_r2.1
 * [new branch]      android-2.2.3_r2 -> origin/android-2.2.3_r2
 * [new branch]      android-2.2.3_r1 -> origin/android-2.2.3_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.2.2_r1 -> origin/android-2.2.2_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.2.1_r2 -> origin/android-2.2.1_r2
 * [new branch]      android-2.2.1_r1 -> origin/android-2.2.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.1_r2.1s -> origin/android-2.1_r2.1s
 * [new branch]      android-2.1_r2.1p2 -> origin/android-2.1_r2.1p2
 * [new branch]      android-2.1_r2.1p -> origin/android-2.1_r2.1p
 * [new branch]      android-2.1_r2 -> origin/android-2.1_r2
 * [new branch]      android-2.1_r1 -> origin/android-2.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.0_r1 -> origin/android-2.0_r1
 * [new branch]      android-2.0.1_r1 -> origin/android-2.0.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-1.6_r2 -> origin/android-1.6_r2
 * [new branch]      android-1.6_r1.5 -> origin/android-1.6_r1.5
 * [new branch]      android-1.6_r1.4 -> origin/android-1.6_r1.4
 * [new branch]      android-1.6_r1.3 -> origin/android-1.6_r1.3
 * [new branch]      android-1.6_r1.2 -> origin/android-1.6_r1.2
 * [new branch]      android-1.6_r1.1 -> origin/android-1.6_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-1.6_r1 -> origin/android-1.6_r1
 * [new tag]         android-sdk-adt_r20 -> android-sdk-adt_r20
 * [new tag]         android-sdk-adt_r16.0.1 -> android-sdk-adt_r16.0.1
 * [new tag]         android-sdk-4.0.3_r1 -> android-sdk-4.0.3_r1
 * [new tag]         android-sdk-4.0.3-tools_r1 -> android-sdk-4.0.3-tools_r1
 * [new tag]         android-cts-verifier-4.0_r1 -> android-cts-verifier-4.0_r1
 * [new tag]         android-cts-verifier-4.0.3_r1 -> android-cts-verifier-4.0.3_r1
 * [new tag]         android-cts-4.0_r1 -> android-cts-4.0_r1
 * [new tag]         android-cts-4.0.3_r2 -> android-cts-4.0.3_r2
 * [new tag]         android-cts-4.0.3_r1 -> android-cts-4.0.3_r1
 * [new tag]         android-cts-2.3_r12 -> android-cts-2.3_r12
 * [new tag]         android-cts-2.3_r11 -> android-cts-2.3_r11
 * [new tag]         android-cts-2.3_r10 -> android-cts-2.3_r10
 * [new tag]         android-cts-2.2_r8 -> android-cts-2.2_r8
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.4_r2.1 -> android-4.0.4_r2.1
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.4_r2 -> android-4.0.4_r2
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.4_r1.2 -> android-4.0.4_r1.2
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.4_r1.1 -> android-4.0.4_r1.1
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.4_r1 -> android-4.0.4_r1
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.3_r1.1 -> android-4.0.3_r1.1
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.3_r1 -> android-4.0.3_r1
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.2_r1 -> android-4.0.2_r1
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.1_r1.2 -> android-4.0.1_r1.2
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.1_r1.1 -> android-4.0.1_r1.1
 * [new tag]         android-4.0.1_r1 -> android-4.0.1_r1
 * [new tag]         android-2.3_r1_ -> android-2.3_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.7_r1 -> android-2.3.7_r1
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.6_r1 -> android-2.3.6_r1
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.6_r0.9 -> android-2.3.6_r0.9
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.5_r1_ -> android-2.3.5_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.4_r1_ -> android-2.3.4_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.4_r0.9_ -> android-2.3.4_r0.9_
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.3_r1_ -> android-2.3.3_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.3_r1.1_ -> android-2.3.3_r1.1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.2_r1_ -> android-2.3.2_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.3.1_r1_ -> android-2.3.1_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.2_r1_ -> android-2.2_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.2_r1.3_ -> android-2.2_r1.3_
 * [new tag]         android-2.2_r1.2_ -> android-2.2_r1.2_
 * [new tag]         android-2.2_r1.1_ -> android-2.2_r1.1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.2.3_r2.1 -> android-2.2.3_r2.1
 * [new tag]         android-2.2.3_r2 -> android-2.2.3_r2
 * [new tag]         android-2.2.3_r1 -> android-2.2.3_r1
 * [new tag]         android-2.2.2_r1_ -> android-2.2.2_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.2.1_r2_ -> android-2.2.1_r2_
 * [new tag]         android-2.2.1_r1_ -> android-2.2.1_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.1_r2_ -> android-2.1_r2_
 * [new tag]         android-2.1_r2.1s_ -> android-2.1_r2.1s_
 * [new tag]         android-2.1_r2.1p_ -> android-2.1_r2.1p_
 * [new tag]         android-2.1_r2.1p2_ -> android-2.1_r2.1p2_
 * [new tag]         android-2.1_r1_ -> android-2.1_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.0_r1_ -> android-2.0_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-2.0.1_r1_ -> android-2.0.1_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-1.6_r2_ -> android-1.6_r2_
 * [new tag]         android-1.6_r1_ -> android-1.6_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-1.6_r1.5_ -> android-1.6_r1.5_
 * [new tag]         android-1.6_r1.4_ -> android-1.6_r1.4_
 * [new tag]         android-1.6_r1.3_ -> android-1.6_r1.3_
 * [new tag]         android-1.6_r1.2_ -> android-1.6_r1.2_
 * [new tag]         android-1.6_r1.1_ -> android-1.6_r1.1_

 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r1 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r1.1 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r2 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r2
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r3 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r3
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r4 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r4
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r5 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r5
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r6 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r6
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.1_r6.1 -> origin/android-4.1.1_r6.1
 * [new branch]      android-4.1.2_r1 -> origin/android-4.1.2_r1
 * [new branch]      android-4.2.1_r1 -> origin/android-4.2.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-4.2.1_r1.1 -> origin/android-4.2.1_r1.1
 * [new branch]      android-4.2.1_r1.2 -> origin/android-4.2.1_r1.2
 * [new branch]      android-4.2.2_r1 -> origin/android-4.2.2_r1
 * [new branch]      android-4.2_r1 -> origin/android-4.2_r1
 * [new branch]      android-cts-4.1_r1 -> origin/android-cts-4.1_r1
 * [new branch]      android-cts-4.1_r2 -> origin/android-cts-4.1_r2
 * [new branch]      android-cts-4.2_r2 -> origin/android-cts-4.2_r2
 * [new branch]      android-sdk-support_r11 -> origin/android-sdk-support_r11
   32bb163..b48922c  gingerbread -> origin/gingerbread
   ed09c39..6912769  ics-mr1    -> origin/ics-mr1
 * [new branch]      ics-plus-aosp -> origin/ics-plus-aosp
 * [new branch]      jb-dev     -> origin/jb-dev
 * [new branch]      jb-mr1-dev -> origin/jb-mr1-dev
 * [new branch]      jb-mr1-dev-plus-aosp -> origin/jb-mr1-dev-plus-aosp
 * [new branch]      jb-mr1.1-dev -> origin/jb-mr1.1-dev
 * [new branch]      jumper-stable -> origin/jumper-stable
   3954196..70c902c  master     -> origin/master
   b5a0d13..a7f38b7  master-dalvik -> origin/master-dalvik
 * [new branch]      tools_r21  -> origin/tools_r21
 * [new branch]      tools_r21.1 -> origin/tools_r21.1
   8b9be7c..fbb30a8  tradefed   -> origin/tradefed
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r1 -> android-4.1.1_r1
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r1.1 -> android-4.1.1_r1.1
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r1_ -> android-4.1.1_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r2 -> android-4.1.1_r2
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r3 -> android-4.1.1_r3
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r4 -> android-4.1.1_r4
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r5 -> android-4.1.1_r5
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r6 -> android-4.1.1_r6
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.1_r6.1 -> android-4.1.1_r6.1
 * [new tag]         android-4.1.2_r1 -> android-4.1.2_r1
 * [new tag]         android-4.2.1_r1.1 -> android-4.2.1_r1.1
 * [new tag]         android-4.2.1_r1.2 -> android-4.2.1_r1.2
 * [new tag]         android-4.2.1_r1__ -> android-4.2.1_r1__
 * [new tag]         android-4.2.2_r1_ -> android-4.2.2_r1_
 * [new tag]         android-4.2_r1___ -> android-4.2_r1___
 * [new tag]         android-cts-4.1_r1 -> android-cts-4.1_r1
 * [new tag]         android-cts-4.1_r2 -> android-cts-4.1_r2
 * [new tag]         android-cts-4.2_r2 -> android-cts-4.2_r2
 * [new tag]         android-sdk-support_r11 -> android-sdk-support_r11

（此时到这步有可能需要输入或确认用户名和邮箱地址）

第五步：选定一条目标分支，并初始化

$ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-4.2.1_r1.2

第六步：下载代码

$ repo sync

我一般喜欢多开几条线程去下载  repo sync -j4

接下来就是漫长到等待了......

4.window开发环境变量

①.Java环境变量配置

系统变量中添加变量名：

第一步：JAVA_HOME ，变量值（jdk路径，我的jdk是1.6）：E:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_17

第二步：找到变量名为Path的，在变量值前面加上%JAVA_HOME%/bin;用分号隔开，如果 放到后面就是;%JAVA_HOME%/bin

第三步：新建classpath（有的直接打开）输入.;%JAVA_HOME%\lib;%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar，千万不能漏掉.;表示当前路径

 

查看，命令行里面输入java -version ，就会输出你的Java版本

java version "1.6.0_17"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_17-b04)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 14.3-b01, mixed mode, sharing)

 

输入javac 后，出现以下内容

 用法：javac <选项> <源文件>
其中，可能的选项包括：
  -g                         生成所有调试信息
  -g:none                    不生成任何调试信息
  -g:{lines,vars,source}     只生成某些调试信息
  -nowarn                    不生成任何警告
  -verbose                   输出有关编译器正在执行的操作的消息
  -deprecation               输出使用已过时的 API 的源位置
  -classpath <路径>            指定查找用户类文件和注释处理程序的位置
  -cp <路径>                   指定查找用户类文件和注释处理程序的位置
  -sourcepath <路径>           指定查找输入源文件的位置
  -bootclasspath <路径>        覆盖引导类文件的位置
  -extdirs <目录>              覆盖安装的扩展目录的位置
  -endorseddirs <目录>         覆盖签名的标准路径的位置
  -proc:{none,only}          控制是否执行注释处理和/或编译。

 

 

②.Android环境变量配置

Android SDK环境变量配置（不配置SDK环境变量就不能使用adb命令）

第一步（跟Jdk配置一样）：新建ANDROID_HOME，变量值为D:\00android-development\adt-bundle-windows-x86\adt-bundle-windows-x86\sdk

第二步：PATH中输入 %ANDROID_HOME%/platform-tools;%ANDROID_HOME%/tools;