Java Socket编程笔记
(注:需要 Java IO相关的知识)
1.使用 TCP 连接的demo
需要用到 java.net.Socket 和 java.net.ServerSocket ,具体可以查询 API 文档
创建 Sever 类和 Client 类作为 demo
Server类的实现:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* 基于TCp的Socket通信,实现用户登录
* 服务器端
*/
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//创建一个服务器socket,即serversocket,指定绑定的端口,并监听此端口
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
//调用accept()方法开始监听,等待客户端的连接
System.out.println("***服务器即将启动,等待客户端的连接***");
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
//获取输入流,并读入客户端的信息
InputStream in = socket.getInputStream(); //字节输入流
InputStreamReader inreader = new InputStreamReader(in); //把字节输入流转换为字符流
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(inreader); //为输入流添加缓冲
String info = null;
while((info = br.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println("我是服务器,客户端说:"+info);
}
socket.shutdownInput();//关闭输入流
//获取输出流,相应客户端的信息
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(outputStream);//包装为打印流
printWriter.write("欢迎您!");
printWriter.flush(); //刷新缓冲
socket.shutdownOutput();
//关闭资源
printWriter.close();
outputStream.close();
br.close();
inreader.close();
in.close();
socket.close();
serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Client类的实现:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* 客户端
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建客户端socket建立连接,指定服务器地址和端口
try {
Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888);
//获取输出流,向服务器端发送信息
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();//字节输出流
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(outputStream); //将输出流包装为打印流
pw.write("用户名:admin;密码:123");
pw.flush();
socket.shutdownOutput();
//获取输入流,读取服务器端的响应
InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String info = null;
while((info = br.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println("我是客户端,服务器说:"+info);
}
socket.shutdownInput();
//关闭资源
br.close();
inputStream.close();
pw.close();
outputStream.close();
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
2.使用 UDP 连接的demo
要用到 DatagramPacket 和 DatagramSocket
创建 UDPServer 和 UDPClient 类:
UDPSerer:
/**
* 服务器端的实现
*/
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
public class UDPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//服务器端接收来自客户端的数据
//创建服务器端的DatagramSocket,指定端口
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8800);
//创建数据报,用于接收客户端发送的信息
byte[] data = new byte[1024];//创建字节数组,指定接收的数据包的大小
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,data.length);
//接收客户端发送的数据
socket.receive(packet); //接收到数据包之前会一直阻塞,会把数据存入packet的data
//读取数据
String info = new String(data,0,packet.getLength()); //读取数据
System.out.println("I am Server,Client say:"+info);
//接收到数据后,服务器端响应给客户端,基本与client的发送相同
//定义客户端的ip地址,端口号,数据
InetAddress address = packet.getAddress();
int port = packet.getPort(); //port难道不应该肯定是8800???
byte[] data2 = "Welcome".getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet1 = new DatagramPacket(data2,data2.length,address,port);
socket.send(packet1);
socket.close();//关闭资源
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
UDPClient:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
/**
* 客户端实现
*/
public class UDPClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//定义服务器的ip,端口号,数据
InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
int port = 8800;
byte[] data = "用户名:admin;密码:123".getBytes();
//创建数据包,包含要发送的信息
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,data.length,inetAddress,port);
//创建datagramsocket
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
//使用socket向服务器端发送数据包
socket.send(packet);
//socket.close();
//接收服务器端的响应,基本与Server的接收相同
byte[] dataR = new byte[1024]; //创建数据包用于接收服务器端的响应
DatagramPacket packet1 = new DatagramPacket(dataR,dataR.length);
socket.receive(packet1); //接收响应的数据
String info = new String(dataR,0,packet1.getLength()); //读取数据
System.out.println("I am Client,Sever reply:"+info);
socket.close();//关闭资源
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
运行结果:(先Server!)