归档和反归档

//归档
- (IBAction)archiverHandle:(id)sender {
   
    //创建学生对象
    Student *stu = [[Student alloc] init];
    stu.name = self.nameTF.text;
    stu.age = self.ageTF.text;
   
    //归档
    //1.归档对象
    NSMutableData *data = [NSMutableData data];
    NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:data];
    //2.归档  归档的对象必须服从NSCoding协议 实现encideWithCoder:
    [archiver encodeObject:stu forKey:@"JingJing"];
    //3.归档完成
    [archiver finishEncoding];
   
    //数据持久化
    //获取文件路径
    NSString *temPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();
    //拼接
    NSString *filePath = [temPath stringByAppendingString:@"/student.plist"];
    //写入
    [data writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
}

//反归档
- (IBAction)unarchiverHandle:(id)sender {
   
    //获取文件路径
    NSString *temPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();
    //拼接
    NSString *filePath = [temPath stringByAppendingString:@"/student.plist"];
    //通过文件路径获取数据
    NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
   
    //反归档
    //1.创建反归档对象
    NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data];
   
    //2.反归档操作
    Student *stu = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"JingJing"];
   
    //3.反归档完成
    [unarchiver finishDecoding];
    self.nameTF.text = stu.name;
    self.ageTF.text = stu.age;
    NSLog(@"%@",stu);
}

归档和反归档的数据需要服从 <NSCoding>协议,同时需要实现以下方法
//归档需要实现的方法
-(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
{
    //对每一个属性进行归档操作
    [aCoder encodeObject:self.name forKey:@"name"];
    [aCoder encodeObject:self.age forKey:@"age"];
}
//反归档需要实现的方法
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
       
        //对每一个属性进行反归档操作
        self.name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
        self.age = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"age"];
    }
    return self;
}

#import "NSObject+NSCoding.h"
model类中服从NSCoding协议后需要实现的方法
-(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
{
    [self autoEncodeWithCoder:aCoder];
}
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        [self autoDecode:aDecoder];
    }
    return self;
}

eg:

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface NSObject (NSCoding)

- (void)autoEncodeWithCoder: (NSCoder *)coder;
- (void)autoDecode:(NSCoder *)coder;
- (NSDictionary *)properties;

@end

#import "NSObject+NSCoding.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>


@implementation NSObject (NSCoding)

- (NSMutableDictionary *)propertiesForClass:(Class)klass {
    
    NSMutableDictionary *results = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
    
    unsigned int outCount, i;
    objc_property_t *properties = class_copyPropertyList(klass, &outCount);
    for(i = 0; i < outCount; i++) {
        objc_property_t property = properties[i];
        
        NSString *pname = [NSString stringWithCString:property_getName(property) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSString *pattrs = [NSString stringWithCString:property_getAttributes(property) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        
        pattrs = [[pattrs componentsSeparatedByString:@","] objectAtIndex:0];
        pattrs = [pattrs substringFromIndex:1];
        
        [results setObject:pattrs forKey:pname];
    }
    free(properties);
    
    if ([klass superclass] != [NSObject class]) {
        [results addEntriesFromDictionary:[self propertiesForClass:[klass superclass]]];
    }
    
    return results;
}

- (NSDictionary *)properties {
    return [self propertiesForClass:[self class]];
}

- (void)autoEncodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder {
    NSDictionary *properties = [self properties];
    for (NSString *key in properties) {
        NSString *type = [properties objectForKey:key];
        id value;
        unsigned long long ullValue;
        BOOL boolValue;
        float floatValue;
        double doubleValue;
        NSInteger intValue;
        unsigned long ulValue;
		long longValue;
		unsigned unsignedValue;
		short shortValue;
        NSString *className;
		
        NSMethodSignature *signature = [self methodSignatureForSelector:NSSelectorFromString(key)];
        NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature];
        [invocation setSelector:NSSelectorFromString(key)];
        [invocation setTarget:self];
        
        switch ([type characterAtIndex:0]) {
            case '@':   // object
                if ([[type componentsSeparatedByString:@"\""] count] > 1) {
                    className = [[type componentsSeparatedByString:@"\""] objectAtIndex:1];
                    Class class = NSClassFromString(className);
                    
#warning UIImage类型的属性不归档  add by yhy
                    if ([className isEqualToString:@"UIImage"]) {
                        //如果属性是UIImage类型的，不进行归档
                        break;
                    }
                    
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
                    value = [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(key)];
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
					
                    // only decode if the property conforms to NSCoding
                    if([class conformsToProtocol:@protocol(NSCoding)]){
                        [coder encodeObject:value forKey:key];
                    }
                }
                break;
            case 'c':   // bool
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&boolValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:boolValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'f':   // float
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&floatValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithFloat:floatValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'd':   // double
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&doubleValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithDouble:doubleValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'i':   // int
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&intValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:intValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'L':   // unsigned long
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&ulValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithUnsignedLong:ulValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'Q':   // unsigned long long
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&ullValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithUnsignedLongLong:ullValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'l':   // long
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&longValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithLong:longValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 's':   // short
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&shortValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithShort:shortValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'I':   // unsigned
                [invocation invoke];
                [invocation getReturnValue:&unsignedValue];
                [coder encodeObject:[NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInt:unsignedValue] forKey:key];
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

- (void)autoDecode:(NSCoder *)coder {
    NSDictionary *properties = [self properties];
    for (NSString *key in properties) {
        NSString *type = [properties objectForKey:key];
        id value;
        NSNumber *number;
        NSInteger i;
        CGFloat f;
        BOOL b;
        double d;
        unsigned long ul;
        unsigned long long ull;
		long longValue;
		unsigned unsignedValue;
		short shortValue;
        
        NSString *className;
        
        switch ([type characterAtIndex:0]) {
            case '@':   // object
                if ([[type componentsSeparatedByString:@"\""] count] > 1) {
                    className = [[type componentsSeparatedByString:@"\""] objectAtIndex:1];
                    Class class = NSClassFromString(className);
                    
#warning UIImage类型的属性不归档  add by yhy
                    if ([className isEqualToString:@"UIImage"]) {
                        //如果属性是UIImage类型的，不进行反归档
                        break;
                    }

                    // only decode if the property conforms to NSCoding
                    if ([class conformsToProtocol:@protocol(NSCoding )]){
                        value = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                        [self setValue:value forKey:key];
                    }
                }
                break;
            case 'c':   // bool
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                b = [number boolValue];
                [self setValue:@(b) forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'f':   // float
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                f = [number floatValue];
                [self setValue:@(f) forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'd':   // double
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                d = [number doubleValue];
                [self setValue:@(d) forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'i':   // int
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                i = [number intValue];
                [self setValue:@(i) forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'L':   // unsigned long
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                ul = [number unsignedLongValue];
                [self setValue:@(ul) forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'Q':   // unsigned long long
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                ull = [number unsignedLongLongValue];
                [self setValue:@(ull) forKey:key];
                break;
			case 'l':   // long
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                longValue = [number longValue];
                [self setValue:@(longValue) forKey:key];
                break;
            case 'I':   // unsigned
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                unsignedValue = [number unsignedIntValue];
                [self setValue:@(unsignedValue) forKey:key];
                break;
            case 's':   // short
                number = [coder decodeObjectForKey:key];
                shortValue = [number shortValue];
                [self setValue:@(shortValue) forKey:key];
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

@end