attack vector

本文探讨了信息系统安全中的关键概念——攻击介质,它指明了威胁进入系统并造成破坏的具体途径。作者澄清了vector在此并非传统意义上的向量,而是特指攻击的手段或情境。

攻击介质,是指可以攻击信息系统,破坏其安全性的特定路径、方法或是情景。

vector 此处并不是向量的意思。

Severity Threat level High High Vulnerability Status Comment No comment provided. [Edit] Confidence 95% URL common.external-linkhttps://hangzhou.hibaacademy.org.cn/ Attack Detailscommon.up URI was set to "onmouseover='xofP(90442)'bad=" The input is reflected inside a tag parameter between double quotes. Vulnerability Descriptioncommon.up Cross-site Scripting (XSS) refers to client-side code injection attack wherein an attacker can execute malicious scripts into a legitimate website or web application. XSS occurs when a web application makes use of unvalidated or unencoded user input within the output it generates. Discovered by /Scripts/PerFile/XSS_in_URI_File.script The impact of this vulnerabilitycommon.up Malicious JavaScript has access to all the same objects as the rest of the web page, including access to cookies and local storage, which are often used to store session tokens. If an attacker can obtain a user's session cookie, they can then impersonate that user. Furthermore, JavaScript can read and make arbitrary modifications to the contents of a page being displayed to a user. Therefore, XSS in conjunction with some clever social engineering opens up a lot of possibilities for an attacker. How to fix this vulnerabilitycommon.up Apply context-dependent encoding and/or validation to user input rendered on a page Classificationcommon.up CWE CWE-79 CVSS v3.0 Base Score: 5.3 - CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N Attack Vector: Network Attack Complexity: Low Privileges Required: None User Interaction: None Scope: Unchanged Confidentiality: None Integrity: Low Availability: None CVSS v4.0 Base Score: 5.1 - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N Attack Vector: Network Attack Complexity: Low Privileges Required: None User Interaction: None Scope: Unchanged Confidentiality: None Integrity: Low Availability: None Web Referencescommon.up Cross-site Scripting (XSS) Attack - Acunetix Types of XSS - Acunetix XSS Filter Evasion Cheat Sheet Excess XSS, a comprehensive tutorial on cross-site scripting Cross site scripting
10-06
好的,下个部分,Experimental setup To perform the attacks, we set up our test-bed setup. We created a generic attack vector dataset that can be easily expanded. Our dataset is created using different devices as shown in 2. For WPA3 enabled access point, we used the Linksys E8450 device (WiFi 6), and for the WPA3 WiFi adapter, D-link DWA-X1850 (WPA 3) was used. One Alfa AWUS036NHA adapter (Atheros AR9271 chipset) was used to monitor the channel and inject packets to perform attacks. Netgear A6210 device is used for monitoring traffic between AP and STAs. Netgear device was connected to a desktop running Ubuntu 20.04. For STAs, we have used a Samsung A7 tablet, MacBook Air, and an HP laptop running windows 10 using a D-link adapter supporting WPA3. We used Linksys AP, which supports IEEE 802.11ax and runs in WPA3 mode on a 2.4 GHz frequency. All our at tacks are performed on 2.4 GHz frequency only. The 5GHz frequency was also working, but no attacks were performed on the 5GHz frequency. The Netgear A6210 adapter was used for the purpose of capturing packets. Figure 2 is just a representation of our setup for testing and collecting data. Initially, we assumed that the WPA3 connection mandates the usage of MFP. However, in our experiment, we have found that when AP and STA are both WPA3 compatible, we were able to de-authenticate the client simply by flooding de auth frames. We have performed all our experiments without manually switching on the MFP. This was done to examine if MFP is used automatically or not. To create the dataset, we had to label each frame if it was responsible for a particular attack. This initial detection model is based on traffic analysis of specific frames. The mechanism is primarily based on the following frames: 1) Beacon Frame 2) Authentication Frame 3) De-authentication Frame 4) Association Frame 5) Dis-association Frame 6) EAPOL Frame The resulting dataset was a collection of packet captures constructed from multiple attack sessions with a total of 250 attributes. The attacks considered in this research are De authentication, Rogue AP, Beacon Flooding, Evil Twin, and Krack attacks. The dataset has CSV files that contain the packets transmitted in the network while the attacks were being performed. These packets can be analyzed using a deterministic algorithm (as shown in Section III) to detect the attacks and also using ML to find a correlation between the attributes to detect the attacks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first dataset of WPA3 attacks that have been created out of real-life intrusion experiments on a test bed.
08-29
CVE-2022-41741 A vulnerability in the module ngx_http_mp4_module might allow a local attacker to corrupt NGINX worker memory, resulting in its termination or potential other impact using a specially crafted audio or video file. The attack is only possible if an attacker can gain privileged access to the host running NGINX, place a specially crafted audio or video file within the webroot, and then trigger NGINX to process the specially crafted file. v3.1 v4.0 Base 7.0 7.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVSS v4 Score: Base 7.3 Metric Value Comments Attack Vector Local An attacker must be able to access the vulnerable system with a local, interactive session. Attack Complexity Low No specialized conditions or advanced knowledge are required. Attack Requirements Present Multiple conditions that require target specific reconnaissance and preparation must be satisfied in order to achieve successful exploitation of this vulnerability. Privileges Required Low An attacker must be able to place a file within the web root to be processed by NGINX. User Interaction None No user interaction is required for an attacker to successfully exploit the vulnerability. Vulnerable System Confidentiality High The attacker could execute arbitrary code on the vulnerable system with elevated privileges. Vulnerable System Integrity High The attacker could execute arbitrary code on the vulnerable system with elevated privileges. Vulnerable System Availability High The attacker could execute arbitrary code on the vulnerable system with elevated privileges. Subsequent System Confidentiality None There is no impact to the subsequent system confidentiality. Subsequent System Integrity None There is no impact to the subsequent system integrity. Subsequent System Availability None There is no impact to the subsequent system availability. CVE-2020-3549 A vulnerability in the sftunnel functionality of Cisco Firepower Management Center (FMC) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to obtain the device registration hash. The vulnerability is due to insufficient sftunnel negotiation protection during initial device registration. An attacker in a man-in-the-middle position could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting a specific flow of the sftunnel communication between an FMC device and an FTD device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to decrypt and modify the sftunnel communication between FMC and FTD devices, allowing the attacker to modify configuration data sent from an FMC device to an FTD device or alert data sent from an FTD device to an FMC device. v3.1 v4.0 Base 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 7.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Base + Threat 5.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U CVSS v4 Score: Base + Threat 5.2 Metric Value Comments Attack Vector Network The vulnerable system is accessible from remote networks. Attack Complexity Low No specialized conditions or advanced knowledge are required. Attack Requirements Present An attacker must be on-path to be able to intercept communications between affected systems. Privileges Required None No privileges are required for an attacker to successfully exploit the vulnerability. User Interaction Passive A user must be logged in and using the application for traffic to be generated that an attacker could capture. Vulnerable System Confidentiality High An attacker could gain access to the system with a highly privileged user account. Vulnerable System Integrity High An attacker could gain access to the system with a highly privileged user account. Vulnerable System Availability High An attacker could gain access to the system with a highly privileged user account. Subsequent System Confidentiality None There is no impact to the vulnerable system confidentiality. Subsequent System Integrity None There is no impact to the vulnerable system integrity. Subsequent System Availability None There is no impact to the vulnerable system availability. Exploit Maturity Unreported There is no known proof-of-concept code or malicious exploitation of this vulnerability.
07-09
内容概要:本文详细介绍了一种基于Simulink的表贴式永磁同步电机(SPMSM)有限控制集模型预测电流控制(FCS-MPCC)仿真系统。通过构建PMSM数学模型、坐标变换、MPC控制器、SVPWM调制等模块,实现了对电机定子电流的高精度跟踪控制,具备快速动态响应和低稳态误差的特点。文中提供了完整的仿真建模步骤、关键参数设置、核心MATLAB函数代码及仿真结果分析,涵盖转速、电流、转矩和三相电流波形,验证了MPC控制策略在动态性能、稳态精度和抗负载扰动方面的优越性,并提出了参数自整定、加权代价函数、模型预测转矩控制和弱磁扩速等优化方向。; 适合人群:自动化、电气工程及其相关专业本科生、研究生,以及从事电机控制算法研究与仿真的工程技术人员;具备一定的电机原理、自动控制理论和Simulink仿真基础者更佳; 使用场景及目标:①用于永磁同步电机模型预测控制的教学演示、课程设计或毕业设计项目;②作为电机先进控制算法(如MPC、MPTC)的仿真验证平台;③支撑科研中对控制性能优化(如动态响应、抗干扰能力)的研究需求; 阅读建议:建议读者结合Simulink环境动手搭建模型,深入理解各模块间的信号流向与控制逻辑,重点掌握预测模型构建、代价函数设计与开关状态选择机制,并可通过修改电机参数或控制策略进行拓展实验,以增强实践与创新能力。
根据原作 https://pan.quark.cn/s/23d6270309e5 的源码改编 湖北省黄石市2021年中考数学试卷所包含的知识点广泛涉及了中学数学的基础领域,涵盖了实数、科学记数法、分式方程、几何体的三视图、立体几何、概率统计以及代数方程等多个方面。 接下来将对每道试题所关联的知识点进行深入剖析:1. 实数与倒数的定义:该题目旨在检验学生对倒数概念的掌握程度,即一个数a的倒数表达为1/a,因此-7的倒数可表示为-1/7。 2. 科学记数法的运用:科学记数法是一种表示极大或极小数字的方法,其形式为a×10^n,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数。 此题要求学生运用科学记数法表示一个天文单位的距离,将1.4960亿千米转换为1.4960×10^8千米。 3. 分式方程的求解方法:考察学生解决包含分母的方程的能力,题目要求找出满足方程3/(2x-1)=1的x值,需通过消除分母的方式转化为整式方程进行解答。 4. 三视图的辨认:该题目测试学生对于几何体三视图(主视图、左视图、俯视图)的认识,需要识别出具有两个相同视图而另一个不同的几何体。 5. 立体几何与表面积的计算:题目要求学生计算由直角三角形旋转形成的圆锥的表面积,要求学生对圆锥的底面积和侧面积公式有所了解并加以运用。 6. 统计学的基础概念:题目涉及众数、平均数、极差和中位数的定义,要求学生根据提供的数据信息选择恰当的统计量。 7. 方程的整数解求解:考察学生在实际问题中进行数学建模的能力,通过建立方程来计算在特定条件下帐篷的搭建方案数量。 8. 三角学的实际应用:题目通过在直角三角形中运用三角函数来求解特定线段的长度。 利用正弦定理求解AD的长度是解答该问题的关键。 9. 几何变换的应用:题目要求学生运用三角板的旋转来求解特定点的...
Python基于改进粒子群IPSO与LSTM的短期电力负荷预测研究内容概要:本文围绕“Python基于改进粒子群IPSO与LSTM的短期电力负荷预测研究”展开,提出了一种结合改进粒子群优化算法(IPSO)与长短期记忆网络(LSTM)的混合预测模型。通过IPSO算法优化LSTM网络的关键参数(如学习率、隐层节点数等),有效提升了模型在短期电力负荷预测中的精度与收敛速度。文中详细阐述了IPSO算法的改进策略(如引入自适应惯性权重、变异机制等),增强了全局搜索能力与避免早熟收敛,并利用实际电力负荷数据进行实验验证,结果表明该IPSO-LSTM模型相较于传统LSTM、PSO-LSTM等方法在预测准确性(如MAE、RMSE指标)方面表现更优。研究为电力系统调度、能源管理提供了高精度的负荷预测技术支持。; 适合人群:具备一定Python编程基础、熟悉基本机器学习算法的高校研究生、科研人员及电力系统相关领域的技术人员,尤其适合从事负荷预测、智能优化算法应用研究的专业人士。; 使用场景及目标:①应用于短期电力负荷预测,提升电网调度的精确性与稳定性;②为优化算法(如粒子群算法)与深度学习模型(如LSTM)的融合应用提供实践案例;③可用于学术研究、毕业论文复现或电力企业智能化改造的技术参考。; 阅读建议:建议读者结合文中提到的IPSO与LSTM原理进行理论学习,重点关注参数优化机制的设计思路,并动手复现实验部分,通过对比不同模型的预测结果加深理解。同时可拓展尝试将该方法应用于其他时序预测场景。
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