MySQL高可用部署（双机热备 + Keepalived 故障自动切换）

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-21 00:21:26 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-21 00:21:26 发布 · 849 阅读

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#MySQL #高可用 #双机热备 #keepalived #数据库

一、安装 MySQL

解压

## 卸载系统自带 mariadb
[root@data-01 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
[root@data-01 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

## 远程复制安装包并解压
[root@data-01 ~]# scp 192.168.0.92:/usr/local/src/* /usr/local/src/
[root@data-01 ~]# tar zxvf /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.29-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@data-01 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.29-el7-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

添加运行 mysql 服务的 linux 用户

[root@data-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
# 添加运行 mysql 的伪用户（不需要登录，只为运行 mysql 服务），-r 系统用户，-s 登录shell
[root@data-01 mysql]# groupadd mysql
[root@data-01 mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

设置 mysql 环境变量

## 设置 MySQL 的环境变量
[root@data-01 mysql]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql-path.sh
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
[root@data-01 mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql-path.sh
[root@data-01 mysql]# mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.29, for el7 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

初始化 mysql 数据目录

## 初始化数据目录
[root@data-01 mysql]# mkdir mysql-files
[root@data-01 mysql]# chmod 750 mysql-files
[root@data-01 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
# mysql-files 权限信息如下（ll 命令）
# drwxr-x---.  2 mysql mysql    6 5月  15 11:18 data

# 在系统 root 帐号下运行 mysqld，要添加命令选项 --user=mysql，这样 mysql service 才能正常读写 数据目录
# --initialize-insecure 选项表示使用空密码初始化 'root'@'localhost' 账户
[root@data-01 mysql]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-files
2020-05-15T10:32:27.535336Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-05-15T10:32:28.740104Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-05-15T10:32:28.826378Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-05-15T10:32:28.886516Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 60588ae2-9697-11ea-a152-00163ed7d8f0.
2020-05-15T10:32:28.887901Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-05-15T10:32:29.841822Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-05-15T10:32:30.065992Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

启动 mysql 服务

# 启动服务
[root@data-01 mysql]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-files --basedir=/usr/local/mysql &
[1] 23025
[root@data-01 mysql]# Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/data-01.err'.
2020-05-15T11:43:46.931645Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files
#查看服务
[root@data-01 mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root      7630 28808  0 19:54 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
root     23025 28808  0 19:43 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-files --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
mysql    23129 23025  0 19:43 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/m