线程（Thread）的五大状态

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-08 21:49:32 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-10-08 21:49:32 发布 · 298 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#线程 #thread

线程专栏收录该内容

6 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细解析了Java线程的六种核心状态，包括初始、运行、阻塞、等待、超时等待和终止，以及这些状态之间的转换过程。通过理解这些状态，开发者可以更好地管理和调试多线程应用。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

以下为摘自thread类的状态枚举代码

public enum State {
        /**
         * Thread state for a thread which has not yet started.
         */
        NEW,

        /**
         * Thread state for a runnable thread.  A thread in the runnable
         * state is executing in the Java virtual machine but it may
         * be waiting for other resources from the operating system
         * such as processor.
         */
        RUNNABLE,

        /**
         * Thread state for a thread blocked waiting for a monitor lock.
         * A thread in the blocked state is waiting for a monitor lock
         * to enter a synchronized block/method or
         * reenter a synchronized block/method after calling
         * {@link Object#wait() Object.wait}.
         */
        BLOCKED,

        /**
         * Thread state for a waiting thread.
         * A thread is in the waiting state due to calling one of the
         * following methods:
         * <ul>
         *   <li>{@link Object#wait() Object.wait} with no timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link #join() Thread.join} with no timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link LockSupport#park() LockSupport.park}</li>
         * </ul>
         *
         * <p>A thread in the waiting state is waiting for another thread to
         * perform a particular action.
         *
         * For example, a thread that has called <tt>Object.wait()</tt>
         * on an object is waiting for another thread to call
         * <tt>Object.notify()</tt> or <tt>Object.notifyAll()</tt> on
         * that object. A thread that has called <tt>Thread.join()</tt>
         * is waiting for a specified thread to terminate.
         */
        WAITING,

        /**
         * Thread state for a waiting thread with a specified waiting time.
         * A thread is in the timed waiting state due to calling one of
         * the following methods with a specified positive waiting time:
         * <ul>
         *   <li>{@link #sleep Thread.sleep}</li>
         *   <li>{@link Object#wait(long) Object.wait} with timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link #join(long) Thread.join} with timeout</li>
         *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkNanos LockSupport.parkNanos}</li>
         *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkUntil LockSupport.parkUntil}</li>
         * </ul>
         */
        TIMED_WAITING,

        /**
         * Thread state for a terminated thread.
         * The thread has completed execution.
         */
        TERMINATED;
    }

线程的6大状态：
1. 初始(NEW)：新创建了一个线程对象，但还没有调用start()方法。
2. 运行(RUNNABLE)：Java线程中将就绪（ready）和运行中（running）两种状态笼统的称为“运行”。
线程对象创建后，其他线程(比如main线程）调用了该对象的start()方法。该状态的线程位于可运行线程池中，等待被线程调度选中，获取CPU的使用权，此时处于就绪状态（ready）。就绪状态的线程在获得CPU时间片后变为运行中状态（running）。
3. 阻塞(BLOCKED)：表示线程阻塞于锁。
4. 等待(WAITING)：进入该状态的线程需要等待其他线程做出一些特定动作（通知或中断）。
5. 超时等待(TIMED_WAITING)：该状态不同于WAITING，它可以在指定的时间后自行返回。
6. 终止(TERMINATED)：表示该线程已经执行完毕

线程的流程图如下所示：
在这里插入图片描述