009_Get请求中文乱码

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 00:00:00 发布

自由与束缚JavaJavaScript

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 00:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： Servlet学习

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/aihiao/article/details/113174589

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一. 创建一个GBK编码的html文件, 发送get请求

1. 新建一个GetLuanMa的Web工程

2. 新建一个getGBK.html文件

3. 更改getGBK.html编码为GBK

4. 编写getGBK.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="GBK" />
		<title>get请求中午乱码处理</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<form action="GLMGBK.action" method="get">
			用户名:<input type="text" name="username" /><br />
			密码:<input type="password" name="password" /><br /> 
			 	<input type="submit" value="登录">
		</form>
	</body>
</html>

5. 新建一个GetLuanMaGBK.java类

6. 编写GetLuanMaGBK.java

package com.lywgames.myservlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class GetLuanMaGBK extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String username = req.getParameter("username");
		String password = req.getParameter("password");
		
		System.out.println("username = " + username + " password = " + password);
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}
}

7. 编写web.xml

8. 部署运行, 访问getGBK.html

9. 点击登录按钮, 控制台打印

二. 创建一个UTF-8编码的html文件, 发送get请求

1. 新建一个getUTF8.html

2. 编辑getUTF8.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8" />
		<title>get请求中午乱码处理</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<form action="GLMUTF8.action" method="get">
			用户名:<input type="text" name="username" /><br />
			密码:<input type="password" name="password" /><br /> 
			 	<input type="submit" value="登录">
		</form>
	</body>
</html>

3. 新建GetLuanMaUTF8.java类

4. 编辑GetLuanMaUTF8.java

package com.lywgames.myservlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class GetLuanMaUTF8 extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String username = req.getParameter("username");
		String password = req.getParameter("password");
		
		System.out.println("username = " + username + " password = " + password);
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}
}

5. 编辑web.xml

6. 部署运行, 访问getUTF-8.html

7. 点击登录按钮, 控制台打印

三. 分析以上编码为GBK和UTF-8的网页发送的请求

1. 浏览器会对请求的URL中非ASCII码字符进行编码。

1.1. 编码为GBK的网页(告诉浏览器用GBK编码解析网页)

1.2. 编码为GBK的网页, 发送请求, 浏览器地址栏的信息如下:

http://localhost:8080/GetPostLuanMa/GLMGBK.action?username=%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7&password=111

1.3. 在GBK的网页中, 用户名"的的确确", 在经过GBK编码后变成了%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7。

1.4. 编码为UTF-8的网页(告诉浏览器用UTF-8编码解析网页)

1.5. 编码为UTF-8的网页, 发送请求, 浏览器地址栏的信息如下:

http://localhost:8080/GetPostLuanMa/GLMUTF8.action?username=%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE&password=111

1.6. 在UTF-8的网页中, 用户名"的的确确", 在经过UTF-8编码后变成了%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE。

2. 新建一个URLEncoderDecoder1.java类, 对"的的确确"进行GBK和UTF-8的URLEncoder.encode和URLDecoder.decode, 观察是不是浏览器对"的的确确"进行GBK和UTF-8编码。

2.1. 新建一个URLEncoderDecoder1.java类

2.2. 编写URLEncoderDecoder1.java类

package com.lywgames.myservlet;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class URLEncoderDecoder1 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			// URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "utf-8") ==> %E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE 
			System.out.println(URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "utf-8"));
			System.out.println(URLDecoder.decode("%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE", "utf-8"));
			
			// URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "gbk") ==> %B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7
			System.out.println(URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "gbk"));
			System.out.println(URLDecoder.decode("%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7", "gbk"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

2.3. 运行程序

四. 解决get请求的中午乱码

1. tomcat收到客户端的数据后, 默认使用ISO-8859-1去解码。

2. 服务器在接收到浏览器经过UTF-8编码后的数据, 进行一次ISO-8859-1解码, 打印出来的数据为: ççç¡®ç¡®。

3. 服务器在接收到浏览器经过GBK编码后的数据, 进行一次ISO-8859-1解码, 打印出来的数据为: µÄµÄÈ·È·。

4. 编写URLEncoderDecoder2.java类, 对%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7和%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE, 进行ISO-8859-1的URLDecoder.decode解码。查看控制台的输出信息和Servlet请求时的信息是否一致。

4.1. 新建URLEncoderDecoder2.java类

4.2. 编写URLEncoderDecoder2.java类

package com.lywgames.myservlet;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class URLEncoderDecoder2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			// URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "utf-8") ==> %E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE
			// URLDecoder.decode("%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE", "ISO-8859-1") ==> ççç¡®ç¡®
			System.out.println(URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "utf-8"));
			System.out.println(URLDecoder.decode("%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE", "ISO-8859-1"));
			
			// URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "gbk") ==> %B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7
			// URLDecoder.decode("%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7", "ISO-8859-1") ==> µÄµÄÈ·È·"
			System.out.println(URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "gbk"));
			System.out.println(URLDecoder.decode("%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7", "ISO-8859-1"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

4.3. 运行程序

5. 使用new String("数据信息".getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8"), 把"数据信息"打散到ISO-8859-1对应的字节数组 , 然后再按utf-8组拼字符串, 解决乱码问题。

5.1. 新建一个URLEncoderDecoder3.java类

5.2. 编写URLEncoderDecoder3.java

package com.lywgames.myservlet;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class URLEncoderDecoder3 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			// URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "utf-8") ==> %E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE
			// URLDecoder.decode("%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE", "ISO-8859-1") ==> ççç¡®ç¡®
			System.out.println(URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "utf-8"));
			System.out.println(URLDecoder.decode("%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AE%E7%A1%AE", "ISO-8859-1"));
			// 把ççç¡®ç¡®打散到ISO-8859-1对应的字节数组 , 然后再按utf-8组拼字符串
			System.out.println(new String("ççç¡®ç¡®".getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8"));
			
			// URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "gbk") ==> %B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7
			// URLDecoder.decode("%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7", "ISO-8859-1") ==> µÄµÄÈ·È·"
			System.out.println(URLEncoder.encode("的的确确", "gbk"));
			System.out.println(URLDecoder.decode("%B5%C4%B5%C4%C8%B7%C8%B7", "ISO-8859-1"));
			// 把µÄµÄÈ·È·打散到ISO-8859-1对应的字节数组 , 然后再按gbk组拼字符串
			System.out.println(new String("µÄµÄÈ·È·".getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "gbk"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

5.3. 运行程序