windows下安装VirtualBox和Vagrant

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windows下安装VirtualBox和Vagrant

安装环境

Windows10
Vagrant 2.2.6 + VirtualBox 6.0.14

官网下载地址：

VirtualBox：https://www.virtualbox.org/
Vagrant：https://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html

具体安装步骤

在上述官网地址中下载适合操作系统的版本，我这就以window10为例
- 安装好了之后要重启操作系统以便于重新配置电脑
- 检查是否安装成功了
  - 运行 cmd
  - 输入 vagrant 检查 Vagrant是否安装成功，如果有命令使用帮助表示安装成功，或者单独输入 vagrant -v 查看版本号的命令
为 Vagrant 添加 box
- vagrant box add osName filePath
  vagrant box add centos/7 F:\installs\VirtualBox\box\virtualbox.box 注意文件路径中不能有中文名，不能有空格
- 通过 vagrant box list 检验是否添加成功

初始化 vagrant

vagrant init 在特定目录下执行，会生成 Vagrantfile 文件

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
  config.vm.box = "base"

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  # config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  # config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
  # config.vm.network "public_network"

  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"

  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
  # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
  #   vb.memory = "1024"
  # end
  #
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
  #   apt-get update
  #   apt-get install -y apache2
  # SHELL
end

修改具体几个参数
- config.vm.box = "base" 改为本地安装的 box , 不然要从远端拉取
- config.vm.network "public_network" 打开这个配置，与物理主机共享同一网段，类似桥接模式
- 虚拟机内存、名称、CPU配置：
```
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.memory = "3000"
vb.name= "123-centos7"
vb.cpus= 2
end
```