Socket通讯精解-优快云博客

socket通讯
我简单的查询了socket的含义。socket的本质是编程接口，也就是API，是对TCP/IP的封装。可以通过这个接口让两个应用程序之间实现通讯。
那么应用程序和应用程序之间是怎么实现通讯的呢？
1.首先服务器与socket进行绑定
2.将socket加入到监听对列，阻塞进程开始监听
3.客户端与socket进行绑定
4.建立连接用的socket，将需要进行通讯的网络端点绑定在socket上
5.打开连接
6.使用send方法和receive方法向服务器发送或接收信息
7.关闭连接

服务端：

static Socket sockWatch = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int Port = 6000;
            string host = "0.0.0.0";

            IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(host);
            IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(address, Port);
            sockWatch.Bind(endpoint);//绑定socket
            sockWatch.Listen(10);//监听队列

            Console.WriteLine("服务端开始监听");
            WatchConnecting();


        }

        public static void WatchConnecting()
        {
            Socket sockConnection = sockWatch.Accept();//阻塞当前线程，开始监听
            Console.WriteLine("与客户端的连接已建立");
            Console.Write("正在等待客户端发送信息");
            Thread.Sleep(200);
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                Console.Write(".");
            }
            MsgShow(sockConnection);
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("是否发送数据？Y/N");
            string msg = Console.ReadLine();
            if (msg=="Y")
            {
                Console.WriteLine("请输入您要发送的数据:");
                string data = Console.ReadLine();
                SendMsg(data, sockConnection);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.Write("准备结束通讯");
                for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
                {
                    Console.Write(".");
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                }
                sockConnection.Close();
                sockWatch.Close();
            }
        }

        public static void MsgShow(Socket sockConnection)
        {
            StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
            byte[] data = new byte[4496] ;
            int result = sockConnection.Receive(data, data.Length, 0);
            str.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data,0,result));
            Console.WriteLine("接收到来自客户端的数据:" + str);
        }

        public static void SendMsg(object sender,Socket sockConnection)
        {
            byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sender.ToString());//将数据转换为字节数据

            sockConnection.Send(data, data.Length, 0);//发送数据
            Console.WriteLine("数据已成功发送");
        }

客户端：

//创建Socket实例
        Socket clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
        byte[] MsgBuffer = new byte[4696];
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //客户端
            int port = 6000;//端口
            string host = "106.13.84.189";//服务器ip地址
            IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(host);//将ip字符串转为ip地址实例
            IPEndPoint ipe = new IPEndPoint(ip, port);//网络端点

            Program pr = new Program();

            pr.clientSocket.Connect(ipe);

            Console.WriteLine("通讯已经打开！");
            Console.WriteLine("请输入您要发送的数据：");
            string data = Console.ReadLine();
            send(data, pr.clientSocket);

            Console.WriteLine("接收到的数据:{0}", receive(pr.clientSocket));

            //pr.Connect(ip, port);//开始连接
            //Console.WriteLine("连接已建立");

            //pr.Send("hello server");
            //pr.ReceiveData();

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        public static void send(string data,Socket clientSocket)
        {
            byte[] databyte = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
            clientSocket.Send(databyte, databyte.Length, 0);

        }

        public static string receive(Socket clientSocket)
        {
            string str = "";
            byte[] strbytes = new byte[7071];
            int recbyte = clientSocket.Receive(strbytes, strbytes.Length, 0);
            str += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(strbytes, 0, recbyte);
            return str;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 异步连接
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ip">服务器ip</param>
        /// <param name="port">端口</param>
        public void Connect(IPAddress ip, int port)
        {
            this.clientSocket.BeginConnect(ip, port, new AsyncCallback(ConnectCallback), this.clientSocket);
        }
        private void ConnectCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            //try
            //{
                Socket handler = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
                handler.EndConnect(ar);
            //}
            //catch (Exception e)
            //{
                
            //    throw;
            //}
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">发送内容</param>
        public void Send(string data)
        {
            Send(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data));
        }

        private void Send(byte[] byteData)
        {
            //try
            //{
                int length = byteData.Length;
                byte[] head = BitConverter.GetBytes(length);
                byte[] data = new byte[head.Length + byteData.Length];
                Array.Copy(head, data, head.Length);
                Array.Copy(byteData, 0, data, head.Length, byteData.Length);
                this.clientSocket.BeginSend(data, 0, data.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), this.clientSocket);


            //}
            //catch (Exception)
            //{
                
            //    throw;
            //}
        }

        private void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            try
            {
                Socket handler = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
                handler.EndSend(ar);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                
                throw;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 接收信息
        /// </summary>
        public void ReceiveData()
        {
            this.clientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), null);
        }

        private void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            try
            {
                int REnd = clientSocket.EndReceive(ar);
                if (REnd > 0)
                {
                    byte[] data = new byte[REnd];
                    Array.Copy(MsgBuffer, 0, data, 0, REnd);

                    clientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), null);
                }
                else
                {
                    dispose();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                
                throw;
            }
        }

        private void dispose()
        {
            try
            {
                this.clientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                this.clientSocket.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                
                throw;
            }
        }