sort工具的使用

sort工具的使用

对文件进行排序。包括按照字符进行排序，按照数字进行排序；升序排列，降序排列；稳定排序，不稳定排序；按照某一列进行排序，按照个别列进行排序；按照某一列的部分字符进行排序；及各种情况的组合排序。功能很强大。

假如文件的内容如下：

fed                       eed                       2

fed                       fed                       2

fed                       aed                      2

abc                       abd                      11

bcd                       cde                       03

1，默认的排序规则，对第一列按照字符进行升序排列

Sort sort.txt

结果：

abc             abd             11

bcd             cde             03

fed             aed             2

fed             eed             2

fed             fed             2

2，对第一列字符降序排列

Sort –r sort.txt

结果：

fed             fed             2

fed             eed             2

fed             aed             2

bcd             cde             03

abc             abd             11

3，对第三列字符降序排列

Sort –r -k3,4 sort.txt

结果：

fed             fed             2

fed             eed             2

fed             aed             2

abc             abd             11

bcd             cde             03

4，对第三列按照数字升序排列

Sort –k3,4n sort.txt

结果：   

fed             aed             2

fed             eed             2

fed             fed             2

bcd             cde             03

abc             abd             11

5，对第三列按照数字升序排列，并且是稳定排序

Sort –k3,4n –s sort.txt

结果：

fed             eed             2

fed             fed             2

fed             aed             2

bcd             cde             03

abc             abd             11

6，对第三列按照数字升序，对第二列按照降序排列

Sort –k3,4n –k2,3r sort.txt 

结果：

fed             fed             2

fed             eed             2

fed             aed             2

bcd             cde             03

abc             abd             11

 

总之，sort工具可以很方便的对文件进行排序。

以下是命令行选项

Usage: sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...

Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output.

 

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

Ordering options:

 

 -b, --ignore-leading-blanks ignore leading blanks

 -d, --dictionary-order      consider only blanks and alphanumeric characters

 -f, --ignore-case           fold lower case to upper case characters

 -g, --general-numeric-sort compare according to general numerical value

 -i, --ignore-nonprinting    consider only printable characters

 -M, --month-sort            compare (unknown) < `JAN' < ... < `DEC'

 -n, --numeric-sort          compare according to string numerical value

 -R, --random-sort           sort by random hash of keys

      --random-source=FILE    get random bytes from FILE (default /dev/urandom)

 -r, --reverse               reverse the result of comparisons

 

Other options:

 

 -c, --check               check whether input is sorted; do not sort

 -k, --key=POS1[,POS2]     start a key at POS1, end it at POS2 (origin 1)

 -m, --merge               merge already sorted files; do not sort

 -o, --output=FILE         write result to FILE instead of standard output

 -s, --stable              stabilize sort by disabling last-resort comparison

 -S, --buffer-size=SIZE    use SIZE for main memory buffer

  -t, --field-separator=SEP use SEP instead of non-blank to blank transition

 -T, --temporary-directory=DIR use DIR for temporaries, not $TMPDIR or /tmp;

                              multiple options specify multiple directories

 -u, --unique              with -c, check for strict ordering;

                              without -c, output only the first of an equal run

 -z, --zero-terminated     end lines with 0 byte, not newline

      --help     display this help and exit

      --version output version information and exit

 

POS is F[.C][OPTS], where F is the field number and C the character position

in the field; both are origin 1. If neither -t nor -b is in effect, characters

in a field are counted from the beginning of the preceding whitespace. OPTS is

one or more single-letter ordering options, which override global ordering

options for that key. If no key is given, use the entire line as the key.

 

SIZE may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:

% 1% of memory, b 1, K 1024 (default), and so on for M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

 

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

 

*** WARNING ***

The locale specified by the environment affects sort order.

Set LC_ALL=C to get the traditional sort order that uses

native byte values.