STL线程安全的解决方法

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-12 21:12:05 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-05-12 21:12:05 发布 · 567 阅读

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#collections #multithreading #locking #class #destructor #constructor

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本文介绍在多线程环境下如何保护STL容器不发生数据竞争。通过使用锁类来实现对容器操作的同步控制，确保了多线程环境中数据的安全性和一致性。

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Multithreading Issues
STL is not thread protected, so you must provide locks on your collections if
they will be used in multithreaded environment.
The standard locking mechanisms of Mutexes, Semaphores and Critical Sections can be used. One simple mechanism for providing locking is to declare a lock class. In this class the constructor creates the lock, and the destructor destroys the lock.
Then provide lock() and unlock() methods. For example:

class Lock
{
public:
HANDLE _hMutex; // used to lock/unlock object
Lock() : _hMutex(NULL)
{ _hMutex = ::CreateMutex( NULL, false,NULL) ); }

virtual ~Lock() { ::CloseHandle( _hMutex ); }
bool lock ()
{
  if ( _hMutex == NULL )
   return false;
  WaitForSingleObject( _hMutex, INFINITE );
  return true;
}
void unlock ()
{ ReleaseMutex(_hMutex); }
};

Then declare a class that is derived from one of the STL collections,
and in the class override the access methods to the collection that might cause an insertion or deletion of an element.
For example a general vector class would be:

template <class T>
class LockVector : vector<T>, Lock
{
public: LockVector () : vector<T>(), Lock() {}
  virtual LockVector () {}
  void insert ( T & obj )
  {
   if ( !lock())
    return;
   vector<T>::push_back (obj);
   unlock();
  }
};