Perl——数组、foreach

数组

1. 定义

@array = (....);

例如：@array = ("abc","efg","hjk");

2.扩展数组

push @array,content

@array = ("abc","efg","hjk");

print @array,"\n";

#扩展,添加一个字符串
push @array,"wse";
print @array,"\n";

#扩展,添加一组字符串
@temp = ("xcv","bnm");

push @array,@temp;
print @array,"\n";

3. 堆栈

把数组作为堆栈, 在取数据时则后进先出

push 添加数据

pop  弹出并删除最后添加进入数组的值

@array = ();

#把数组做为堆栈,取数据时则后进先出
push @array,"abc"; 
push @array,"bcd";

print $array[0],"\n"; #abc
print $array[1],"\n"; #bcd

#pop 弹出并删除最后添加进入数组的值
$p = pop @array;
print "array:",@array,"\n"; #abc
print "pop:",$p; #bcd

4. 队列

把数组做为队列,在取数据时则先进先出

push 添加数据

shift 弹出并删除最先添加进入数组的值

@array = ();

#把数组做为队列,
push @array,"abc"; 
push @array,"bcd";

print $array[0],"\n"; #abc
print $array[1],"\n"; #bcd

#shift 弹出并删除最先添加进入数组的值
$p = shift @array;
print "array:",@array,"\n"; #bcd
print "shift:",$p; #abc

foreach

1. 遍历数组

foreach $a (@array) {
	print $a,"," ;
}

2. 终断或终止循环

last : 结束循环，不再执行foreach语句块，相当于java中的break;

next : 结束一次循环，进入一次的 循环，相当于java中的continue;