并查集
做两遍生成树,第一遍优先选 1 1 1边求出必须选的 0 0 0边。第二遍先把必选的 0 0 0边选了,再选满 k k k条 0 0 0边就好了。
注意判 no solution \text{no solution} no solution的三种情况:图不连通或 0 0 0边个数 < k <k <k或必选 0 0 0边个数 > k >k >k。
代码:
#include<cctype>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#define N 20005
#define M 100005
#define F inline
using namespace std;
struct edge{ int x,y,z,f; }ed[M];
int n,m,k,fa[N],ans[N];
F char readc(){
static char buf[100000],*l=buf,*r=buf;
if (l==r) r=(l=buf)+fread(buf,1,100000,stdin);
return l==r?EOF:*l++;
}
F int _read(){
int x=0; char ch=readc();
while (!isdigit(ch)) ch=readc();
while (isdigit(ch)) x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(ch^48),ch=readc();
return x;
}
F bool cmp1(edge a,edge b){ return a.z>b.z; }
F bool cmp2(edge a,edge b){ return a.f==b.f?a.z<b.z:a.f>b.f; }
int findfa(int x){ return x==fa[x]?x:fa[x]=findfa(fa[x]); }
int main(){
n=_read(),m=_read(),k=_read();
for (int i=1,x,y,f;i<=m;i++)
x=_read(),y=_read(),f=_read(),ed[i]=(edge){x,y,f};
for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) fa[i]=i;
sort(ed+1,ed+m+1,cmp1); int s=0;
for (int i=1,x,y;i<=m;i++)
if ((x=findfa(ed[i].x))!=(y=findfa(ed[i].y)))
fa[x]=y,ed[i].f=ed[i].z^1,s+=ed[i].f;
if (s>k) return puts("no solution"),0;
for (int i=2;i<=n;i++)
if (findfa(fa[i])!=findfa(fa[1])) return puts("no solution"),0;
for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) fa[i]=i;
sort(ed+1,ed+m+1,cmp2),s=0;
for (int i=1,x,y;i<=m;i++){
if ((x=findfa(ed[i].x))==(y=findfa(ed[i].y))) continue;
if (s==k&&ed[i].z==0) continue;
fa[x]=y,ans[++ans[0]]=i,s+=(ed[i].z^1);
}
if (s<k) return puts("no solution"),0;
for (int i=2;i<=n;i++)
if (findfa(fa[i])!=findfa(fa[1])) return puts("no solution"),0;
for (int i=1,j;i<n;i++)
j=ans[i],printf("%d %d %d\n",ed[j].x,ed[j].y,ed[j].z);
return 0;
}