Java生成二维码

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-25 14:32:44 发布

爱自由的阿彬

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-25 14:32:44 发布

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在物联网的时代，二维码是个很重要的东西了，现在无论什么东西都要搞个二维码标志，唯恐落伍，就差人没有用二维码识别了。也许有一天生分证或者户口本都会用二维码识别了。今天心血来潮，看见别人都为自己的博客添加了二维码，我也想搞一个测试一下.

主要用来实现两点：

1. 生成任意文字的二维码.

2. 在二维码的中间加入图像.

一、准备工作。

准备QR二维码3.0 版本的core包和一张jpg图片。

下载QR二维码包。

首先得下载 zxing.jar 包, 我这里用的是3.0 版本的core包

下载地址: 现在已经迁移到了github: https://github.com/zxing/zxing/wiki/Getting-Started-Developing,

当然你也可以从maven仓库下载jar 包: http://central.maven.org/maven2/com/google/zxing/core/

二、程序设计

1、启动eclipse，新建一个java项目，命好项目名（本例取名为QRCodeSoft）。点下一步：

2、导入zxing.jar 包, 我这里用的是3.0 版本的core包：点“添加外部JAR(X)…”。

3、新建两个类，分别是：

BufferedImageLuminanceSource.java

QRCodeUtil.java

关键代码在于：BufferedImageLuminanceSource.java 和QRCodeUtil.java , 其中测试的main 方法位于QRCodeUtil.java 中。

BufferedImageLuminanceSource.java程序代码：

package qrcode;

import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;

public class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource {

	private final BufferedImage image;  
    private final int left;  
    private final int top;  
  
    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {  
        this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());  
    }  
  
    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left,  
            int top, int width, int height) {  
        super(width, height);  
  
        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();  
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();  
        if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {  
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(  
                    "Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");  
        }  
  
        for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {  
            for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {  
                if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {  
                    image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white  
                }  
            }  
        }  
  
        this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight,  
                BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);  
        this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);  
        this.left = left;  
        this.top = top;  
    }  
  
     
    public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {  
        if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {  
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(  
                    "Requested row is outside the image: " + y);  
        }  
        int width = getWidth();  
        if (row == null || row.length < width) {  
            row = new byte[width];  
        }  
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);  
        return row;  
    }  
  
     
    public byte[] getMatrix() {  
        int width = getWidth();  
        int height = getHeight();  
        int area = width * height;  
        byte[] matrix = new byte[area];  
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);  
        return matrix;  
    }  
  
     
    public boolean isCropSupported() {  
        return true;  
    }  
  
     
    public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {  
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left,  
                this.top + top, width, height);  
    }  
  
     
    public boolean isRotateSupported() {  
        return true;  
    }  
  
     
    public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {  
        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();  
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();  
        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0,  
                0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);  
        BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight,  
                sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);  
        Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();  
        g.drawImage(image, transform, null);  
        g.dispose();  
        int width = getWidth();  
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top,  
                sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
    }

}

QRCodeUtil.java的程序代码：

package qrcode;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

public class QRCodeUtil {
	private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";  
    private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";  
    // 二维码尺寸  
    private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;  
    // LOGO宽度  
    private static final int WIDTH = 80;  
    // LOGO高度  
    private static final int HEIGHT = 80;  
  
    private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath,  
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {  
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();  
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);  
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);  
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);  
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content,  
                BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, hints);  
        int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();  
        int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();  
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,  
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);  
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {  
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {  
                image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000  
                        : 0xFFFFFFFF);  
            }  
        }  
        if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {  
            return image;  
        }  
        // 插入图片  
        QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);  
        return image;  
    }  
  
     
    private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath,  
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {  
        File file = new File(imgPath);  
        if (!file.exists()) {  
            System.err.println(""+imgPath+"   该文件不存在！");  
            return;  
        }  
        Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));  
        int width = src.getWidth(null);  
        int height = src.getHeight(null);  
        if (needCompress) { // 压缩LOGO  
            if (width > WIDTH) {  
                width = WIDTH;  
            }  
            if (height > HEIGHT) {  
                height = HEIGHT;  
            }  
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height,  
                    Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);  
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height,  
                    BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);  
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();  
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图  
            g.dispose();  
            src = image;  
        }  
        // 插入LOGO  
        Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();  
        int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;  
        int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;  
        graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);  
        Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);  
        graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));  
        graph.draw(shape);  
        graph.dispose();  
    }  
  
     
    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath,  
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {  
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath,  
                needCompress);  
        mkdirs(destPath);  
        String file = new Random().nextInt(999999999)+".jpg";  
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));  
    }  
  
     
    public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {  
        File file =new File(destPath);     
        //当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir．(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)  
        if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {  
            file.mkdirs();  
        }  
    }  
  
     
    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath)  
            throws Exception {  
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, imgPath, destPath, false);  
    }  
  
     
    public static void encode(String content, String destPath,  
            boolean needCompress) throws Exception {  
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, needCompress);  
    }  
  
     
    public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {  
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, false);  
    }  
  
     
    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath,  
            OutputStream output, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {  
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath,  
                needCompress);  
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);  
    }  
  
     
    public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output)  
            throws Exception {  
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);  
    }  
  
     
    public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {  
        BufferedImage image;  
        image = ImageIO.read(file);  
        if (image == null) {  
            return null;  
        }  
        BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(  
                image);  
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));  
        Result result;  
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();  
        hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);  
        result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);  
        String resultStr = result.getText();  
        return resultStr;  
    }  
  
     
    public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {  
        return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));  
    }  
     
     
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        String text = "http://www.baidu.com";  
        QRCodeUtil.encode(text, "c:/MyWorkDoc/zyb.png", "c:/MyWorkDoc", true);  
    }  
}

生成不带logo 的二维码

程序代码