1、7为ISP，只能配置ip 2、红色为私有ip范用 3、使用OSPF将所有私有网段，实现全通 4、OSPF的区域划分为紫色 5、R4-6可以正常访问R7环回 6、R1telnet R3公有ip，实际

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-16 21:45:55 发布
原创 最新推荐文章于 2025-04-16 21:45:55 发布 · 496 阅读 · 0 ·
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#isp

本文记录了一次OSPF网络配置及调试的过程，涉及路由器R1至R7的配置细节，包括网络划分、邻居状态变化及路由通告等关键步骤。特别关注了私有IP范围内的连通性实现和特定路由策略的实施。

实验要求

1、7为ISP，只能配置ip
2、红色为私有ip范用
3、使用OSPF将所有私有网段，实现全通
4、OSPF的区域划分为紫色
5、R4-6可以正常访问R7环回
6、R1telnet R3公有ip，实际登录到R6
在这里插入图片描述
R1:

[r1]dis ospf peer b
[r1]dis ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
	  Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 Tunnel0/0/0 2.2.2.2 Full

[r1]int
[r1]interface t
[r1]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]os
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf ne
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type br
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
Jul 11 2021 17:25:21-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_CHG_DOWN(l)[0]:Neighbor event:neigh
bor state changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.2.2.2, NeighborEven
t=KillNbr, NeighborPreviousState=Full, NeighborCurrentState=Down)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:21-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_DOWN_REASON(l)[1]:Neighbor state le
aves full or changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborRouterId=2.2.2.2, Neighbor
AreaId=0, NeighborInterface=Tunnel0/0/0,NeighborDownImmediate reason=Neighbor Do
wn Due to Kill Neighbor, NeighborDownPrimeReason=Interface Parameter Mismatch, N
eighborChangeTime=2021-07-11 17:25:21-08:00)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:27-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:29-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:29-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:32-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:36-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=1-Way, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:37-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[7]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:46-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[8]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=1-Way, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:47-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[9]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:55-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[10]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=1-Way, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:25:57-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[11]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:01-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[12]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:01-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[13]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:02-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[14]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=1-Way, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:04-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[15]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=1-Way, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[16]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[17]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Excha
nge)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[18]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[19]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Excha
nge)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[20]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loading
)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[21]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loading
)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[22]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[23]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:13-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_DOWN_REASON(l)[24]:Neighbor state l
eaves full or changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborRouterId=3.3.3.3, Neighbo
rAreaId=0, NeighborInterface=Tunnel0/0/0,NeighborDownImmediate reason=Neighbor D
own Due to 1-Wayhello Received, NeighborDownPrimeReason=1-Wayhello Received, Nei
ghborChangeTime=2021-07-11 17:26:13-08:00)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:13-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[25]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=1-Way, NeighborPreviousState=Full, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[26]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[27]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Excha
nge)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[28]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loading
)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[29]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=3.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]di
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[r1]dis
[r1]display o
[r1]dis os p b

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
	  Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 Tunnel0/0/0 2.2.2.2 Full
0.0.0.0 Tunnel0/0/0 3.3.3.3 Full

telnet 37.1.1.1
Press CTRL_] to quit telnet mode
Trying 37.1.1.1 …
Error: Can’t connect to the remote host

R7:

[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 17.1.1.2 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 27.1.1.2 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 37.1.1.2 24

R4:

[r4]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.4.1 24
[r4-LoopBack0]q
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.0.2 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.0.5 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[r4]os
[r4]ospf 1 r
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a
[r4-ospf-1]area 1
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ne
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ne
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.4.1 0.0.0.0
[r4]dis os p b

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
	  Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 5.5.5.5 Full

[r4]int
[r4]interface t
[r4]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]os
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf n
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type b
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

R2:

[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.1 17.1.1.1 re
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.1 17.1.1.1 register
Info: This peer protocol address conflicts with hub register peer protocol addre
ss.
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nh
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp e
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.3 37.1.1.1 re
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.3 37.1.1.1 register
[r2]o
[r2]oam-mgr
[r2]observe-port
[r2]observe-server
[r2]ospf
[r2]os
[r2]ospf 1 r
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]ar
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0
[r2]int
[r2]interface t
[r2]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]os
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf n
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type b
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

R3:

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]sou
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 37.1.1.1
Jul 11 2021 17:06:07-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nh
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp en
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry m
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast d
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nh
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp ne
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nh
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp en
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.1 17.1.1.1 re
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.1 17.1.1.1 register
Info: This peer protocol address conflicts with hub register peer protocol addre
ss.
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.2 27.1.1.1 register
Info: This peer protocol address conflicts with hub register peer protocol addre
ss.
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r3]os
[r3]ospf 1 r
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]ar
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]n
Jul 11 2021 17:16:38-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[0]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r3-ospf-1]ar
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ne
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.3.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.8.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]undo network 192.168.8.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
[r3]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[0]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r3]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[1]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exchan
ge)
[r3]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loading)

[r3]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:12-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r3]int t
[r3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]os
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf n
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type b
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
Jul 11 2021 17:26:33-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_CHG_DOWN(l)[4]:Neighbor event:neigh
bor state changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.2.2.2, NeighborEven
t=KillNbr, NeighborPreviousState=Full, NeighborCurrentState=Down)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:33-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_DOWN_REASON(l)[5]:Neighbor state le
aves full or changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborRouterId=2.2.2.2, Neighbor
AreaId=0, NeighborInterface=Tunnel0/0/0,NeighborDownImmediate reason=Neighbor Do
wn Due to Kill Neighbor, NeighborDownPrimeReason=Interface Parameter Mismatch, N
eighborChangeTime=2021-07-11 17:26:33-08:00)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:35-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:35-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[7]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:35-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[8]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:35-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[9]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, NeighborE
vent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exchan
ge)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:35-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[10]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loading
)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:35-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[11]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[12]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[13]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[14]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[15]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Excha
nge)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[16]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loading
)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]
Jul 11 2021 17:26:42-08:00 r3 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[17]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.1.10, Neighbor
Event=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[r3]dis os p b

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
	  Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 Tunnel0/0/0 1.1.1.1 Full
0.0.0.0 Tunnel0/0/0 2.2.2.2 Full

[r3]
[r3]os
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]de
[r3-ospf-1]default-route-advertise
[r3-ospf-1]
[r3-ospf-1]q
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]ru
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule per
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit sou
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-acl-basic-2000]q
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat o
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat se
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat server p
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat server protocol tc
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat server protocol tcp g
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat server protocol tcp global cu
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 in

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 ins
ide 192.168.6.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function fa
ilure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

R5:

[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.5.1 24
[r5-LoopBack0]
[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.0.6 30
Jul 11 2021 17:11:43-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.0.9 30
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Jul 11 2021 17:12:27-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r5]os
[r5]ospf 1 r
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]ar
[r5-ospf-1]area 1
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ne
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.0.6 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.5
Jul 11 2021 17:21:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[0]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=5.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.5 0.0.0.0
Jul 11 2021 17:21:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[1]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=5.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.5 0.0.0.0.
Jul 11 2021 17:21:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=5.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.5. 0.0.0.0
Jul 11 2021 17:21:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=5.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exc
hange)
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.5. 0.0.0.0
Jul 11 2021 17:21:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=5.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loadi
ng)
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.5. 0.0.0.0
Jul 11 2021 17:21:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=5.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network network 192.168.5.1 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]area 2
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]ne
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.0.9 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:33-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[7]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[8]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Ex
change)
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[9]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Load
ing)
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[10]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neig
hborEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r5]dis os p b

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
	  Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 4.4.4.4 Full
0.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 6.6.6.6 Full

[r5]os
[r5]ospf 1
[r5-ospf-1]a
[r5-ospf-1]arp-ping
[r5-ospf-1]asbr-summary
[r5-ospf-1]area 2
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]undo ne
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]undo network 192.168.0.9 0.0.0.0
Jul 11 2021 17:32:13-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_CHG_DOWN(l)[0]:Neighbor event:neigh
bor state changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=6.6.6.6, NeighborEven
t=KillNbr, NeighborPreviousState=Full, NeighborCurrentState=Down)
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:32:13-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_DOWN_REASON(l)[1]:Neighbor state le
aves full or changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborRouterId=6.6.6.6, Neighbor
AreaId=33554432, NeighborInterface=GigabitEthernet0/0/1,NeighborDownImmediate re
ason=Neighbor Down Due to Kill Neighbor, NeighborDownPrimeReason=Undo Network Co
mmand, NeighborChangeTime=2021-07-11 17:32:13-08:00)
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[r5-ospf-1]os
[r5-ospf-1]q
[r5]os
[r5]ospf 2
[r5-ospf-2]ar
[r5-ospf-2]arp-ping
[r5-ospf-2]area 2
[r5-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.2]ne
[r5-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.0.9 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.2]q
[r5-ospf-2]q
[r5]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=512, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r5]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=512, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r5]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=512, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r5]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=512, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Ex
change)
[r5]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=512, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Load
ing)
[r5]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[7]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=512, NeighborAddress=10.0.168.192, Neigh
borEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)

[r5]dis
[r5]display os
[r5]display ospfp
[r5]display ospf p
[r5]display ospf peer b
[r5]display ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
	  Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 4.4.4.4 Full

 OSPF Process 2 with Router ID 192.168.5.1
	  Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 6.6.6.6 Full

[r5]os
[r5]ospf 1
[r5-ospf-1]im
[r5-ospf-1]import-route os
[r5-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r5-ospf-1]q
[r5]os
[r5]ospf 2
[r5-ospf-2]im
[r5-ospf-2]import-route os
[r5-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
[r5-ospf-2]de
[r5-ospf-2]default-rou
[r5-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

AR6:

[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.6.1 24
[r6]
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.0.10 30
[r6]os
[r6]ospf 1 r
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]ar
[r6-ospf-1]area 1
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ne
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ar
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]arp-ping
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]ne
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[0]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[1]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exc
hange)
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loadi
ng)
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
Jul 11 2021 17:23:39-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[r6]dis
[r6]display ip r
[r6]display ip rd-filter
[r6]display ip routing-table p
[r6]display ip routing-table protocol o
[r6]display ip routing-table protocol ospf
[r6]
Jul 11 2021 17:32:50-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_CHG_DOWN(l)[0]:Neighbor event:neigh
bor state changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=5.5.5.5, NeighborEven
t=InactivityTimer, NeighborPreviousState=Full, NeighborCurrentState=Down)
[r6]
Jul 11 2021 17:32:50-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_DOWN_REASON(l)[1]:Neighbor state le
aves full or changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborRouterId=5.5.5.5, Neighbor
AreaId=33554432, NeighborInterface=GigabitEthernet0/0/0,NeighborDownImmediate re
ason=Neighbor Down Due to Inactivity, NeighborDownPrimeReason=Hello Not Seen, Ne
ighborChangeTime=2021-07-11 17:32:50-08:00)
[r6]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:14-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r6]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)

[r6]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exc
hange)
[r6]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loadi
ng)
[r6]
Jul 11 2021 17:33:19-08:00 r6 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=9.0.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)
[r6]aaa
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi p
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi password
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi privilege le
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi privilege level 15 pa
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi privilege level 15 password ci
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi privilege level 15 password cipher 123456
Info: Add a new user.
[r6-aaa]lo
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi s
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi service-type te
[r6-aaa]local-user panxi service-type terminal
[r6-aaa]q
[r6]u
[r6]udp-helper
[r6]undo
[r6]user-bind
[r6]user-group
[r6]user-interface v
[r6]user-interface vty 0 4
[r6-ui-vty0-4]au
[r6-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa

[HCIA]OSPF实验
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ospf的应用
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ospf OSPF(开放式最短路径优先）是一个内部网关协议(简称IGP），用于在单一自治系统，内决策路由。是对链路状态路由协议的一种实现，隶属内部网关协议（IGP），故运作于自治系统内部。著名的迪克斯彻算法被用来计算最短路径树。OSPF支持负载均衡和基于服务类型的选路，也支持多种路由形式，如特定主机路由和子网路由等 简单来说的话它能分割域，把一个网络分为多个部分，就像这样，分为三个区域分别为区域1蓝色部分的area0，区域2红色部分的area1，区域3粉色部分的area2. 此图一共有三个区域..
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1、按照图示配置 IP 地址，R1，R3，R4 上使用 1oopback口模拟业务网段2、R1 和 R2 运行 RIPv2,R2，R3和R4运行 oSPF，各自协议内部互通3、在 RIP 和 oS
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1、R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP; 2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点; 3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP 4、所有
最新发布
08-02
### 配置OSPF网络环境中的MGRE和IP地址分配 #### IP地址分配 整个OSPF网络使用172.16.0.0/16地址段进行划分，确保所有设备能够有效通信并优化网络性能。根据需求，可以将该地址段划分为多个子网： - **骨干区域（Area 0）**：使用172.16.0.0/20地址段，覆盖172.16.0.0至172.16.15.255范围内的IP地址。 - **Area 1**：使用172.16.16.0/20地址段，覆盖172.16.16.0至172.16.31.255范围内的IP地址。 - **Area 2**：使用172.16.32.0/20地址段，覆盖172.16.32.0至172.16.47.255范围内的IP地址。 - **Area 3**：使用172.16.48.0/20地址段，覆盖172.16.48.0至172.16.63.255范围内的IP地址。 - **公网IP地址**：R4作为ISP，与其他直连设备间使用公有IP地址进行通信。 #### OSPF网络配置 为了确保OSPF网络的高效运行，需要对各个区域进行适当的配置： - **骨干区域（Area 0）**：在骨干区域中，配置路由聚合以优化网络性能。例如，R3、R5、R6和R7可以配置区域聚合，减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛速度。 - **特殊区域配置**：为了进一步优化网络性能，可以将某些区域配置为特殊区域。例如，Area 1可以配置为完全末梢区域（Totally Stubby Area），而Area 2和Area 3可以配置为完全非纯末梢区域（Totally NSSA）。这些配置可以自动下发缺省路由，确保能够访问R4的环回地址[^2]。 - **路由引入**：在需要与其他路由协议（如RIP）互通的情况下，可以在ASBR（自治系统边界路由器）上配置路由引入，例如R9和R12可以配置OSPF协议视图中的路由引入。 #### MGRE环境设置 在OSPF网络中配置MGRE（Multipoint GRE）环境，R3作为中心站点，负责管理与R5、R6和R7之间的通信。以下是具体的配置步骤： 1. **创建Tunnel接口**：在R3上创建Tunnel接口，并配置IP地址。例如，可以使用172.16.3.2/29地址段[^4]。 2. **配置Tunnel参数**：设置Tunnel接口的协议类型为GRE P2MP，并指定源接口。例如，源接口可以是GigabitEthernet0/0/0。 3. **配置OSPF参数**：在Tunnel接口上启用OSPF，并设置网络类型为广播型。为了防止不必要的DR/BDR选举，可以将DR优先级设置为0。 4. **配置NHRP**：在Tunnel接口上配置NHRP（Next Hop Resolution Protocol），以便实现动态隧道建立。例如，可以配置NHRP条目，指定下一跳地址和注册地址。 以下是一个示例配置： ```plaintext interface Tunnel0/0/0 ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.248 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp source GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ospf network-type broadcast ospf dr-priority 0 nhrp entry 172.16.3.1 31.1.1.1 register ``` 通过以上配置，可以确保OSPF网络中的MGRE环境正常运行，并且IP地址分配合理，满足全网可达性和更新安全性的要求。
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