Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree

本文介绍了一种将已排序链表高效转换为平衡二叉搜索树的方法。通过寻找链表中点作为根节点,并递归地构建左右子树,确保了树的高度尽可能保持对数级别。

一、概述

平衡二叉树是一颗n个节点的高度为lgn的二叉查找树,严格维持节点的左右节点数差的绝对值小于等于1

对于一个已经排好序的链表来说,只需要找到中间点,把其当做root,其左边链表为root的left节点,其右边链表为root的right节点,递归构造就行


二、代码

struct ListNode {
    int val;
    ListNode *next;
    ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
};

struct TreeNode {
    int val;
    TreeNode *left;
    TreeNode *right;
    TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
};

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* sortedListToBST(ListNode* head) {
        TreeNode *root = NULL;
        if (head != NULL) {
            ListNode *slow, *fast, *pre;
            slow = fast = head;
            pre = NULL;
            while (fast->next && fast->next->next) {
                pre = slow;
                slow = slow->next;
                fast = fast->next->next;
            }
            if (pre != NULL) pre->next = NULL;
            else head = NULL;
            root = new TreeNode(slow->val);
            root->left = sortedListToBST(head);
            root->right = sortedListToBST(slow->next);
        }
        return root;
    }
};

【Solution】 To convert a binary search tree into a sorted circular doubly linked list, we can use the following steps: 1. Inorder traversal of the binary search tree to get the elements in sorted order. 2. Create a doubly linked list and add the elements from the inorder traversal to it. 3. Make the list circular by connecting the head and tail nodes. 4. Return the head node of the circular doubly linked list. Here's the Python code for the solution: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None def tree_to_doubly_list(root): if not root: return None stack = [] cur = root head = None prev = None while cur or stack: while cur: stack.append(cur) cur = cur.left cur = stack.pop() if not head: head = cur if prev: prev.right = cur cur.left = prev prev = cur cur = cur.right head.left = prev prev.right = head return head ``` To verify the accuracy of the code, we can use the following test cases: ``` # Test case 1 # Input: [4,2,5,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 4 # / \ # 2 5 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 <-> 4 <-> 5 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 5 <-> 4 <-> 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(4) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(5) root.left.left = Node(1) root.left.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) # Test case 2 # Input: [2,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 2 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(2) root.left = Node(1) root.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) ``` The output of the test cases should match the expected output as commented in the code.
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