12.在Activity页面之间传递数据

本文介绍Android应用中不同页面间的基本数据类型、Bundle、对象及集合等数据的传递方法,包括startActivity与startActivityForResult的区别及其应用场景。

一.跳转数据(页面之间传值-startActivity+startActivityForResult)

<1>传递基本数据类型

        基本数据类型:
        整:byte short int long
        浮点:float double
        布尔:boolean
        字符:char

        引用: String

效果图如下:
 

具体代码实现:

layout

activity_main.xml(第一个页面)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context="com.zking.android12_activity.MainActivity"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <EditText
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="请输入用户名:"
            android:id="@+id/et_main_uname"
            /><!--输入框-->

        <Button
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="写心情"
            android:onClick="writeThink"
            /><!-- 一点这个按钮就跳到写心情那个页面-->

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/tv_main_showThink"
            /><!--展示写的心情的内容-->

</LinearLayout>

activity_think.xml(第二个页面)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context="com.zking.android12_activity.ThinkActivity"
        android:orientation="vertical"><!--指定一个排列方式-->

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/tv_think_showName"
            /><!--文本框:用于展示用户名-->

        <EditText
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:lines="5"
            android:hint="请写心情"
            android:gravity="top"
            android:id="@+id/et_think_content"
            /><!--输入框:用于写心情-->
            <!--lines="5":输入框默认5行-->
            <!-- hint:提示文字-->
            <!--gravity="top":提示文字在最上面-->

        <Button
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="确定"
            android:onClick="ok"
            />

</LinearLayout>

Java

第一种方式

MainActivity.java

package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private EditText et_main_uname;
        private TextView tv_main_showThink;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
                //拿到控件
                et_main_uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_uname);//拿到写入的名字
                tv_main_showThink = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_main_showThink);

                Log.i("test","onCreate");//查看控制台测试

                String content=getIntent().getStringExtra("content");
                tv_main_showThink.setText(content);
        }

        //点击按钮
        public void writeThink(View view){//第一个页面写心情的按钮
                String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();//拿到用户名
                Intent intent=new Intent(this,ThinkActivity.class);//跳转到第二个页面
                //传值
                intent.putExtra("uname",uname);//根据名字拿值
                startActivity(intent);

        }
}
ThinkActivity.java
package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ThinkActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private TextView tv_think_showName;
        private EditText et_think_content;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_think);

                //做展示,拿到文本框
                tv_think_showName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_think_showName);
                //拿到第二个页面输入框中写的心情内容
                et_think_content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_think_content);

                //获取第一个页面传递过来的数据
                String uname=getIntent().getStringExtra("uname");
                tv_think_showName.setText("你好:"+uname);
        }

        //点击按钮会
         public void ok(View view){//第二个页面的ok按钮
                 String content=et_think_content.getText().toString();//拿到写的心情的内容
                 Intent intent=new Intent(this,MainActivity.class);//跳转到第一个页面
                 intent.putExtra("content",content);
                 startActivity(intent);
         }
}
第二种方式

MainActivity.java

package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private EditText et_main_uname;
        private TextView tv_main_showThink;

        //第二种方式:干掉了自己,第一个页面onCreate不调了
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
                //拿到控件
                et_main_uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_uname);//拿到写入的名字
                tv_main_showThink = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_main_showThink);

                Log.i("test","onCreate");//查看控制台测试
        }

        //点击按钮
        public void writeThink(View view){//第一个页面写心情的按钮
                String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();//拿到用户名
                Intent intent=new Intent(this,ThinkActivity.class);//跳转到第二个页面
                //传值
                intent.putExtra("uname",uname);//根据名字拿值
               //startActivity(intent);//很普通的跳  A页面跳B页面
                //带有目的的跳(A页面跳B页面,还要跳回来)
                startActivityForResult(intent,0x201);//请求码
        }

        //获取其他页面设置过来的结果
        @Override
        protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
                super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
                Log.i("test","onActivityResult");//查看方法是否调了
                String content=data.getStringExtra("content");//拿到值
                tv_main_showThink.setText(content);
        }
}
ThinkActivity.java

package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ThinkActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private TextView tv_think_showName;
        private EditText et_think_content;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_think);

                //做展示,拿到文本框
                tv_think_showName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_think_showName);
                //拿到第二个页面输入框中写的心情内容
                et_think_content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_think_content);

                //获取第一个页面传递过来的数据
                String uname=getIntent().getStringExtra("uname");
                tv_think_showName.setText("你好:"+uname);
        }

        //第二种方式
        //点击按钮(从第二个页面跳转到第一个页面)
         public void ok(View view){//第二个页面的ok按钮
                 String content=et_think_content.getText().toString();//拿到写的心情的内容
                 Intent intent=new Intent();//不用指定了
                 intent.putExtra("content",content);
                 //设置结果
                 setResult(0x100,intent);//16进制:0x   结果码
                 //自杀(干掉自己,(第二个页面跳转之前)干掉当前的(之前打开的第一个)Activity)
                 finish();
                 //startActivity(intent);
         }
}


二.传递Bundle(数据包、集装箱)类型的数据

效果图:


实现代码如下:

Java

MainActivity.java

package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private EditText et_main_uname;
        private TextView tv_main_showThink;

        //第二种方式:干掉了自己,第一个页面onCreate不调了
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
                //拿到控件
                et_main_uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_uname);//拿到写入的名字
                tv_main_showThink = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_main_showThink);

                Log.i("test","onCreate");//查看控制台测试
        }

        //点击按钮[传递数据包Bundle  (集装箱)]  拿多个值
        public void writeThink(View view){
                String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();//拿到用户名
                Intent intent=new Intent(this,ThinkActivity.class);//跳转到第二个页面
                //传值(两组数据)
                //方式一
                //intent.putExtra("uname",uname);
                //intent.putExtra("uage",19);
                //方式二
                //传递Bundle
                Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
                bundle.putString("uname",uname);
                bundle.putInt("uage",19);
                intent.putExtra("bundle",bundle);

                startActivityForResult(intent,0x201);
        }

        //获取其他页面设置过来的结果
        @Override
        protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
                super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
                Log.i("test","onActivityResult");//查看方法是否调了
                String content=data.getStringExtra("content");//拿到值
                tv_main_showThink.setText(content);
        }
}
ThinkActivity.java
package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ThinkActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private TextView tv_think_showName;
        private EditText et_think_content;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_think);

                //做展示,拿到文本框
                tv_think_showName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_think_showName);
                //拿到第二个页面输入框中写的心情内容
                et_think_content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_think_content);

                //获取第一个页面传递过来的数据
                //String uname=getIntent().getStringExtra("uname");
                //int uage=getIntent().getIntExtra("uage",0);
                //获得 第二种方式
                Bundle bundle=getIntent().getBundleExtra("bundle");
                String uname=bundle.getString("uname");
                int uage=bundle.getInt("uage");

                tv_think_showName.setText("你好:"+uname+" "+uage);
        }

        //点击按钮(从第二个页面跳转到第一个页面)
         public void ok(View view){//第二个页面的ok按钮
                 String content=et_think_content.getText().toString();//拿到写的心情的内容
                 Intent intent=new Intent();
                 intent.putExtra("content",content);
                 //设置结果
                 setResult(0x100,intent);
                 //自杀
                 finish();
         }
}


三.传递对象时使用Serializable

创建实体类





效果图:


Java

Person.java

package com.zking.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/6/16 0016.
 */

public class Person implements Serializable{
        private int pid;
        private String pname;
        private int page;

//右键+Generate
        //构造-->Constructor
        public Person() {

        }
        public Person(int pid, String pname, int page) {
            this.pid = pid;
            this.pname = pname;
            this.page = page;
        }
        //封装-->Getter and Setter
        public int getPid() {
            return pid;
        }

        public void setPid(int pid) {
            this.pid = pid;
        }

        public String getPname() {
            return pname;
        }

        public void setPname(String pname) {
            this.pname = pname;
        }

        public int getPage() {
            return page;
        }

        public void setPage(int page) {
            this.page = page;
        }

        //打印
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Person{" +
                    "pid=" + pid +
                    ", pname='" + pname + '\'' +
                    ", page=" + page +
                    '}';
        }
}
MainActivity.java
package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.zking.entity.Person;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private EditText et_main_uname;
        private TextView tv_main_showThink;

        //第二种方式:干掉了自己,第一个页面onCreate不调了
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
                //拿到控件
                et_main_uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_uname);//拿到写入的名字
                tv_main_showThink = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_main_showThink);

                Log.i("test","onCreate");//查看控制台测试
        }

        //点击按钮[传递对象(对象集合)]
        public void writeThink(View view){
                String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();//拿到用户名
                Intent intent=new Intent(this,ThinkActivity.class);//跳转到第二个页面
                //传递对象
                Person person=new Person(1,"admin",19);
                intent.putExtra("person",person);
                //带有目的的跳转
                startActivityForResult(intent,0x201);
        }

        //获取其他页面设置过来的结果
        @Override
        protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
                super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
                Log.i("test","onActivityResult");//查看方法是否调了
                String content=data.getStringExtra("content");//拿到值
                tv_main_showThink.setText(content);
        }
}
ThinkActivity.java
package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.zking.entity.Person;

public class ThinkActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private TextView tv_think_showName;
        private EditText et_think_content;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_think);

                //做展示,拿到文本框
                tv_think_showName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_think_showName);
                //拿到第二个页面输入框中写的心情内容
                et_think_content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_think_content);

                //接收对象
                Person person= (Person) getIntent().getSerializableExtra("person");
                tv_think_showName.setTextSize(30);//看效果,字写大点
                tv_think_showName.setText("你好:"+person.toString());
        }

        //点击按钮(从第二个页面跳转到第一个页面)
         public void ok(View view){//第二个页面的ok按钮
                 String content=et_think_content.getText().toString();//拿到写的心情的内容
                 Intent intent=new Intent();
                 intent.putExtra("content",content);
                 //设置结果
                 setResult(0x100,intent);
                 //自杀
                 finish();
         }
}


四.传递对象时使用Parcelable

注:布局文件和其他Activity同第三点的一样

Person.java

package com.zking.entity;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/6/16 0016.
 */

public class Person implements Parcelable {//Alt+回车:实现两个方法
        private int pid;
        private String pname;
        private int page;

//右键+Generate
        //构造-->Constructor
        public Person() {

        }
        public Person(int pid, String pname, int page) {
            this.pid = pid;
            this.pname = pname;
            this.page = page;
        }

        protected Person(Parcel in) {
            pid = in.readInt();
            pname = in.readString();
            page = in.readInt();
        }

        public static final Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {
            @Override
            public Person createFromParcel(Parcel in) {//从序列化中把属性读出来
                return new Person(in);
            }

            @Override
            public Person[] newArray(int size) {
                return new Person[size];
            }
        };

       //封装-->Getter and Setter
        public int getPid() {
            return pid;
        }

        public void setPid(int pid) {
            this.pid = pid;
        }

        public String getPname() {
            return pname;
        }

        public void setPname(String pname) {
            this.pname = pname;
        }

        public int getPage() {
            return page;
        }

        public void setPage(int page) {
            this.page = page;
        }

        //打印
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Person{" +
                    "pid=" + pid +
                    ", pname='" + pname + '\'' +
                    ", page=" + page +
                    '}';
        }


    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    //把实体类属性写到序列化中
    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeInt(pid);
        dest.writeString(pname);
        dest.writeInt(page);
    }
}
ThinkActivity.java
package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.zking.entity.Person;

public class ThinkActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private TextView tv_think_showName;
        private EditText et_think_content;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_think);

                //做展示,拿到文本框
                tv_think_showName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_think_showName);
                //拿到第二个页面输入框中写的心情内容
                et_think_content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_think_content);

                //接收对象
                Person person=getIntent().getParcelableExtra("person");
                tv_think_showName.setTextSize(30);//看效果,字写大点
                tv_think_showName.setText("你好:"+person.toString());
        }

        //点击按钮(从第二个页面跳转到第一个页面)
         public void ok(View view){//第二个页面的ok按钮
                 String content=et_think_content.getText().toString();//拿到写的心情的内容
                 Intent intent=new Intent();
                 intent.putExtra("content",content);
                 //设置结果
                 setResult(0x100,intent);
                 //自杀
                 finish();
         }
}


五.传递对象集合

效果图:


Person.java

package com.zking.entity;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/6/16 0016.
 */

public class Person implements Parcelable {//Alt+回车:实现两个方法
        private int pid;
        private String pname;
        private int page;

//右键+Generate
        //构造-->Constructor
        public Person() {

        }
        public Person(int pid, String pname, int page) {
            this.pid = pid;
            this.pname = pname;
            this.page = page;
        }

        protected Person(Parcel in) {
            pid = in.readInt();
            pname = in.readString();
            page = in.readInt();
        }

        public static final Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {
            @Override
            public Person createFromParcel(Parcel in) {//从序列化中把属性读出来
                return new Person(in);
            }

            @Override
            public Person[] newArray(int size) {
                return new Person[size];
            }
        };

       //封装-->Getter and Setter
        public int getPid() {
            return pid;
        }

        public void setPid(int pid) {
            this.pid = pid;
        }

        public String getPname() {
            return pname;
        }

        public void setPname(String pname) {
            this.pname = pname;
        }

        public int getPage() {
            return page;
        }

        public void setPage(int page) {
            this.page = page;
        }

        //打印
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Person{" +
                    "pid=" + pid +
                    ", pname='" + pname + '\'' +
                    ", page=" + page +
                    '}';
        }


    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    //把实体类属性写到序列化中
    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeInt(pid);
        dest.writeString(pname);
        dest.writeInt(page);
    }
}
MainActivity.java
package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.zking.entity.Person;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private EditText et_main_uname;
        private TextView tv_main_showThink;

        //第二种方式:干掉了自己,第一个页面onCreate不调了
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
                //拿到控件
                et_main_uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_uname);//拿到写入的名字
                tv_main_showThink = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_main_showThink);

                Log.i("test","onCreate");//查看控制台测试
        }

        //点击按钮[传递对象(对象集合)]
        public void writeThink(View view){
                String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();//拿到用户名
                Intent intent=new Intent(this,ThinkActivity.class);//跳转到第二个页面
                //传递对象
                Person person1=new Person(1,"苏苏",19);
                Person person2=new Person(2,"萌萌",19);
                Person person3=new Person(3,"淼淼",19);
                ArrayList<Person> persons=new ArrayList<>();
                persons.add(person1);
                persons.add(person2);
                persons.add(person3);
                //传递对象集合
                intent.putParcelableArrayListExtra("persons",persons);

                //带有目的的跳转
                startActivityForResult(intent,0x201);
        }

        //获取其他页面设置过来的结果
        @Override
        protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
                super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
                Log.i("test","onActivityResult");//查看方法是否调了
                String content=data.getStringExtra("content");//拿到值
                tv_main_showThink.setText(content);
        }
}
ThinkActivity.java
package com.zking.android12_activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.zking.entity.Person;

import java.util.List;

public class ThinkActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private TextView tv_think_showName;
        private EditText et_think_content;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_think);

                //做展示,拿到文本框
                tv_think_showName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_think_showName);
                //拿到第二个页面输入框中写的心情内容
                et_think_content = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_think_content);

                //接受对象集合
                List<Person> persons=getIntent().getParcelableArrayListExtra("persons");
                tv_think_showName.setTextSize(30);
                for (Person person : persons) {
                        tv_think_showName.setText(tv_think_showName.getText()+"\n"+person.toString());
                }
        }

        //点击按钮(从第二个页面跳转到第一个页面)
         public void ok(View view){//第二个页面的ok按钮
                 String content=et_think_content.getText().toString();//拿到写的心情的内容
                 Intent intent=new Intent();
                 intent.putExtra("content",content);
                 //设置结果
                 setResult(0x100,intent);
                 //自杀
                 finish();
         }
}











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