本文介绍了如何在Linux环境下利用zabbix监控nginx的状态。首先，在客户端部署zabbix agent并安装依赖，然后编译安装nginx，修改配置文件并设置开机自启。接着，开启nginx的状态界面，并通过特定方式访问状态页面。最后，编写脚本并在zabbix_server服务端进行测试，确保监控正常工作。
zabbix监控nginx
环境说明：
| 环境 | IP地址 | 安装的服务 |
|---|---|---|
| 服务器：server1 | 192.168.244.144 | lamp架构 zabbix server zabbix agent |
| 客户端：test | 192.168.244.133 | zabbix agent nginx |
在客户端部署zabbix agent
[root@node1 bag]# wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/5.4/zabbix-5.4.4.tar.gz
[root@node1 bag]# ls
zabbix-5.4.4.tar.gz
#解压
[root@node1 bag]# tar xf zabbix-5.4.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
安装依赖包和编译器
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install vim wget gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel
创建用户
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin zabbix
[root@node1 ~]# id zabbix
uid=989(zabbix) gid=986(zabbix) groups=986(zabbix)
进入包编译安装
[root@node1 zabbix-5.4.4]# cd /usr/local/zabbix-5.4.4/
[root@node1 zabbix-5.4.4]# ./configure --enable-agent
......
......
LDAP support: no
IPv6 support: no
***********************************************************
* Now run 'make install' *
* *
* Thank you for using Zabbix! *
* <http://www.zabbix.com> *
***********************************************************
[root@node1 zabbix-5.4.4]# make install
......
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'install-exec-am'.
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'install-data-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/zabbix-5.4.4'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/zabbix-5.4.4'
修改配置文件
[root@node1 zabbix-5.4.4]# cd /usr/local/etc/
[root@node1 etc]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=192.168.244.144 #server1 IP
......
ServerActive=192.168.244.144
.....
Hostname=tom #名字随便改
配置service文件可开机自启
[root@node1 etc]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
[root@node1 etc]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@node1 system]# vim zabbix_agentd.service
[root@node1 system]# cat zabbix_agentd.service
[Unit]
Description=zabbix agent daemon
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/zabbix_agentd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@node1 system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@node1 system]# systemctl enable --now zabbix_agentd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix_agentd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix_agentd.service.
[root@node1 system]# zabbix_agentd
[root@node1 system]#
[root@node1 system]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
开启状态界面
开启status：
location /status {
stub_status {on | off};
allow 172.16.0.0/16;
deny all;
}
访问状态页面的方式：http://server_ip/status
状态页面信息详解：
| 状态码 | 表示的意义 |
|---|---|
| Active connections 2 | 当前所有处于打开状态的连接数 |
| accepts | 总共处理了多少个连接 |
| handled | 成功创建多少握手 |
| requests | 总共处理了多少个请求 |
| Reading | nginx读取到客户端的Header信息数，表示正处于接收请求状态的连接数 |
| Writing | nginx返回给客户端的Header信息数，表示请求已经接收完成， 且正处于处理请求或发送响应的过程中的连接数 |
| Waiting | 开启keep-alive的情况下，这个值等于active - (reading + writing)， 意思就是Nginx已处理完正在等候下一次请求指令的驻留连接 |
在nginx.conf
location /status {
stub_status off;
allow 192.168.244.144;
allow 192.168.244.0/24;
deny all;
}
[root@node1 ~]# nginx -s reload
访问
[root@node1 ~]# curl 192.168.244.133/status
Active connections: 3
server accepts handled requests
31 31 23
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 2
编写脚本
[root@node1 scripts]# pwd
/scripts
[root@node1 scripts]# cat check_Reading.sh
#!/bin/bash
Reading=$( curl -s 192.168.244.133/status |awk 'NR==4 {print$2}' )
if [ $Reading -gt 3 ];then
echo '1'
else
echo '0'
fi
[root@node1 scripts]# cat check_Writing.sh
#! /bin/bash
Writing=$( curl -s 192.168.244.133/status |awk 'NR==4 {print$4}' )
if [ $Writing -gt 0 ];then
echo '1'
else
echo '0'
fi
[root@node1 scripts]# ./check_Reading.sh
0
[root@node1 scripts]# ./check_Writing.sh
1
[root@node1 ~]# vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
........
UnsafeUserParameters=1
UserParameter=check_Reading,/scripts/check_Reading.sh
UserParameter=check_Writing,/scripts/check_Writing.sh
UserParameter=check_Waiting,/scripts/check_Waiting.sh
[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_agentd
zabbix_server服务端测试
[root@localhost ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.244.133 -k check_Reading
0
[root@localhost ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.244.133 -k check_Writing
1
访问zabbix_server服务端
测试
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd-tools
[root@localhost ~]# ab -n 15000 http://192.168.244.133/status
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1879490 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking 192.168.244.133 (be patient)
Completed 1500 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4500 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7500 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10500 requests
Completed 12000 requests
Completed 13500 requests
Completed 15000 requests
Finished 15000 requests
Server Software: nginx/1.20.1
Server Hostname: 192.168.244.133
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /status
Document Length: 115 bytes
Concurrency Level: 1
Time taken for tests: 3.887 seconds
Complete requests: 15000
Failed requests: 0
Total transferred: 3885000 bytes
HTML transferred: 1725000 bytes
Requests per second: 3858.65 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 0.259 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.259 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 975.97 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.1 0 4
Processing: 0 0 0.0 0 1
Waiting: 0 0 0.0 0 1
Total: 0 0 0.1 0 4
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 0
66% 0
75% 0
80% 0
90% 0
95% 0
98% 0
99% 0
100% 4 (longest request)
[root@localhost ~]#
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