Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA

本文探讨了USRP2中FPGA在接收和发射端的同步功能,解释了NCO组件在软件控制下的作用,并通过具体实例说明了如何在软件中实现基本的数字调制。

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转自:http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.gnu.radio.general/28825


Sam Keene | 2 Sep 00:47

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Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?

 Hi,

Sorry if this is a simple question. I'm trying to figure out what synchronization is done by the FPGA on the USRP2. Does it perform both phase and freq synch? If I want to implement a simple digital modulation tx-rx, do I just need to do timing synchronization? Is there a simple example of basic digital modulation that is a good reference?

thanks,

-Sam

P.S. Sorry if this is a re-post, I can't tell if the other email went thru

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Marcus D. Leech | 2 Sep 01:57

Re: Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?

On 09/01/2010 06:47 PM, Sam Keene wrote:
 Hi,

Sorry if this is a simple question. I'm trying to figure out whatsynchronization is done by the FPGA on the USRP2. Does it perform bothphase and freq synch? If I want to implement a simple digitalmodulation tx-rx, do I just need to do timing synchronization? Is therea simple example of basic digital modulation that is a good reference?

thanks,

-Sam

P.S. Sorry if this is a re-post, I can't tell if the other email wentthru

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I'm not sure what you're asking for, but I'll take a stab at guessing :-)

I'll describe what the USRP2 does on the receiver side:

   o  Complex samples the input (which is complex, that is I + Q, baseband, typically) at 100Msps

   o  Filters and decimates that complex sample stream down to whateversample rate/bandwidth you wish to appear across the
       1GiGe interface (and hence into your Gnu Radio application). Your Gnu Radio application then does whatever it does with
       than complex-sampled stream. That stream is a time-series withfixed and uniform timing, so any discrete-time-series "math"
       you want to do on that stream will "work".

   o Both the sample clock and synthesizer clocks can be synchronizedto an external source, via the 10MHz SMA inputs, or via
      the so-called "mimo bus".

   o The FPGA "assists" in the programming of the variousdaughter-cards programmable elements, like the PLL synthesizers and
      variable-gain elements in the gain chain.

The transmit side is the logical reverse, with the D/A sampling at200Msps, and the FPGA interpolating your application data stream
    as appropriate, and presenting it as a complex sampled basebandstream to the D/A.  From there, it is presented to complex mixers
    on the daughtercard to produce the desired final RF signal.

I don't know if this even comes close to answering your question.


-- Marcus LeechPrincipal InvestigatorShirleys Bay Radio Astronomy Consortium http://www.sbrac.org
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Sam Keene | 2 Sep 02:52
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Re: Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,

Hi,

Thanks for the reply. I guess I am just trying to better understand this diagram:

http://www.linuxjournal.com/files/linuxjournal.com/linuxjournal/articles/073/7319/7319f3.inline.jpg

I understand what the decimating filters are doing, but I'm a little unclear about the NCO. Does this component phase and frequency lock for me, or will I have to code that myself?

thanks,

-Sam

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Tom Rondeau | 2 Sep 03:03
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Re: Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,

On Wed, Sep 1, 2010 at 8:52 PM, Sam Keene <samkeene <at> yahoo.com> wrote:
Hi,

Thanks for the reply. I guess I am just trying to better understand this diagram:

http://www.linuxjournal.com/files/linuxjournal.com/linuxjournal/articles/073/7319/7319f3.inline.jpg

I understand what the decimating filters are doing, but I'm a little unclear about the NCO. Does this component phase and frequency lock for me, or will I have to code that myself?

thanks,

-Sam

No, there is no freq/phase lock in the USRP/USRP2. We have to do this in software.

You can reference the dbpsk and dqpsk blocks that we have already written or the newer dbpsk2/dqpsk2 blocks that use newer techniques for the phase, frequency, and timing locks.

Tom

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Sam Keene | 2 Sep 03:15
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Re: Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,

Ok, thanks, One more question... So does that mean we control the NCO from the software?

I will have a look at those blocks.

thanks,

-Sam

--- On Wed, 9/1/10, Tom Rondeau <trondeau1122 <at> gmail.com> wrote:

From: Tom Rondeau <trondeau1122 <at> gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,
To: "Sam Keene" <samkeene <at> yahoo.com>
Cc: discuss-gnuradio <at> gnu.org
Date: Wednesday, September 1, 2010, 9:03 PM

On Wed, Se p 1, 2010 at 8:52 PM, Sam Keene <samkeene <at> yahoo.com> wrote:
Hi,

Thanks for the reply. I guess I am just trying to better understand this diagram:

http://www.linuxjournal.com/files/linuxjournal.com/linuxjournal/articles/073/7319/7319f3.inline.jpg

I understand what the decimating filters are doing, but I'm a little unclear about the NCO. Does this component phase and frequency lock for me, or will I have to code that myself?

thanks,

-Sam

No, there is no freq/phase lock in the USRP/USRP2. We have to do this in software.

You can reference the dbpsk and dqpsk blocks that we have already written or the newer dbpsk2/dqpsk2 blocks that use newer techniques for the phase, frequency, and timing locks.

Tom


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Tom Rondeau | 2 Sep 03:19
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Re: Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,


On Wed, Sep 1, 2010 at 9:15 PM, Sam Keene <samkeene <at> yahoo.com> wrote:
Ok, thanks, One more question... So does that mean we control the NCO from the software?

I will have a look at those blocks.

thanks,

-Sam


No, the NCO is free running. We compensate for it in software.

Tom
 

 
--- On Wed, 9/1/10, Tom Rondeau <trondeau1122 <at> gmail.com> wrote:

From: Tom Rondeau < trondeau1122 <at> gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,
To: "Sam Keene" < samkeene <at> yahoo.com>
Cc: discuss-gnuradio <at> gnu.org
Date: Wednesday, September 1, 2010, 9:03 PM


On Wed, Sep 1, 2010 at 8:52 PM, Sam Keene <samkeene <at> yahoo.com> wrote:
Hi,

Thanks for the reply. I guess I am just trying to better understand this diagram:

http://www.linuxjournal.com/files/linuxjournal.com/linuxjournal/articles/073/7319/7319f3.inline.jpg

I understand what the decimating filters are doing, but I'm a little unclear about the NCO. Does this component phase and frequency lock for me, or will I have to code that myself?

thanks,

-Sam

No, there is no freq/phase lock in the USRP/USRP2. We have to do this in software.

You can reference the dbpsk and dqpsk blocks that we have already written or the newer dbpsk2/dqpsk2 blocks that use newer techniques for the phase, frequency, and timing locks.

Tom



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Marcus D. Leech | 2 Sep 03:28

Re: Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,

That's no different than a straight analog receiver though, where LO phase is generally not coherent with carrier or modulation phase. So you use PLL or similar demodulators to recover carrier phase

Amiright?

--
Principal Investigator
Shirleys Bay Radio
Astronomy Consortium


On Sep 1, 2010, at 9:19 PM, Tom Rondeau < trondeau1122 <at> gmail.com> wrote:


On Wed, Sep 1, 2010 at 9:15 PM, Sam Keene <samkeene <at> yahoo.com> wrote:
Ok, thanks, One more question... So does that mean we control the NCO from the software?

I will have a look at those blocks.

thanks,

-Sam


No, the NCO is free running. We compensate for it in software.

Tom
 

 
--- On Wed, 9/1/10, Tom Rondeau <trondeau1122 <at> gmail.com> wrote:

From: Tom Rondeau < trondeau1122 <at> gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Discuss-gnuradio] Newbie question on USRP2, synchronization done by the FPGA?,
To: "Sam Keene" < samkeene <at> yahoo.com>
Cc: discuss-gnuradio <at> gnu.org
Date: Wednesday, September 1, 2010, 9:03 PM


On Wed, Sep 1, 2010 at 8:52 PM, Sam Keene <samkeene <at> yahoo.com> wrote:
Hi,

Thanks for the reply. I guess I am just trying to better understand this diagram:

http://www.linuxjournal.com/files/linuxjournal.com/linuxjournal/articles/073/7319/7319f3.inline.jpg

I understand what the decimating filters are doing, but I'm a little unclear about the NCO. Does this component phase and frequency lock for me, or will I have to code that myself?

thanks,

-Sam

No, there is no freq/phase lock in the USRP/USRP2. We have to do this in software.

You can reference the dbpsk and dqpsk blocks that we have already written or the newer dbpsk2/dqpsk2 blocks that use newer techniques for the phase, frequency, and timing locks.

Tom



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Discuss-gnuradio <at> gnu.org
http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/discuss-gnuradio
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