wxPython设计GUI窗体

使用wxPython创建GUI界面
最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 09:50:19 发布
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本文介绍了如何利用Python的wxPython库设计图形用户界面（GUI）窗体，讲解了相关组件的使用和布局管理，帮助开发者构建桌面应用程序。
import wx
import pandas as pd
import os
import time

class FrmMain(wx.Frame):
	"""窗体"""
	def __init__(self,parent,id,title):
		super(FrmMain, self).__init__(parent=None,id=-1,title=title,
			style = wx.CAPTION|wx.MINIMIZE_BOX|wx.CLOSE_BOX,size = (800,500))
		self.Center()
		panel = wx.Panel(self)	
		self.text_select =wx.TextCtrl(panel,value = "")
		self.text_select.Bind(wx.EVT_TEXT,self.OnTextCtrlState)
		self.bt_select =wx.Button(panel,label = "选择Excel文件",size = (90,25))
		self.bt_select.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnOpen)		#绑定选择文件事件
		self.text_path =wx.TextCtrl(panel,value = "")
		self.text_path.Bind(wx.EVT_TEXT,self.OnTextCtrlState)
		self.bt_path =wx.Button(panel,label = "设置保存路径",size = (90,25))
		self.bt_path.Disable()
		self.bt_path.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnSetPath)		#绑定设置默认路径事件
		self.bt_defpath =wx.Button(panel,label = "...",size = (25,25))
		self.bt_defpath.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnSaveAs)		#绑定另存为自定义保存路径事件
		self.bt_confirm =wx.Button(panel,label = "执行")
		self.bt_confirm.Disable()		#设置初始默认按钮不可点击（灰色）
		self.bt_confirm.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnClickSubmit)		#绑定确认事件
		self.bt_cancel =wx.Button(panel,label = "关闭")
		self.bt_cancel.SetDefault()		#设置默认按钮，接收键盘Enter
		self.bt_cancel.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnExit)		#绑定退出事件
		self.bt_reset =wx.Button(panel,label = "重置")
		self.bt_reset.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnClickReset)		#绑定重置事件
		self.bt_open =wx.Button(panel,label = "打开文件夹")
		self.bt_open.Disable()
		self.bt_open.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnClickOpenRes)		#绑定打开文件夹事件
		# 添加BoxSizer，横向（使用BoxSizer，控件相对位置，窗口最大化时按钮跟随变化）
		hsizer_select = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL,panel,label = "Excel文件选择")		#静态StaticBoxSizer带标题和环线
		hsizer_select.Add(self.bt_select,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALL,border = 5)		#proportion = 0表示定长
		hsizer_select.Add(self.text_select,proportion = 1,flag = wx.ALL,border = 5)
		hsizer_path = wx.StaticBoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL,panel,label = "保存路径设置")
		hsizer_path.Add(self.bt_path,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALL,border = 5)
		hsizer_path.Add(self.text_path,proportion = 1,flag = wx.ALL,border = 5)
		hsizer_path.Add(self.bt_defpath,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALL,border = 5)
		hsizer_cmd = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
		hsizer_cmd.Add(self.bt_confirm,proportion = 1,flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER,border = 5)
		hsizer_cmd.AddSpacer(10)		#各控件间添加固定大小的空白间隔
		hsizer_cmd.Add(self.bt_open,proportion = 1,flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER,border = 5)
		hsizer_cmd.AddSpacer(10)		
		hsizer_cmd.Add(self.bt_reset,proportion = 1,flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER,border = 5)
		hsizer_cmd.AddSpacer(10)		
		hsizer_cmd.Add(self.bt_cancel,proportion = 1,flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER,border = 5)
		# 添加BoxSizer，纵向
		vsizer_all = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
		vsizer_all.Add(hsizer_select,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 10)
		vsizer_all.Add(hsizer_path,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 10)
		vsizer_all.Add(hsizer_cmd,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 10)
		panel.SetSizer(vsizer_all)
		self.CreateStatusBar()		#创建一个状态栏
		self.StatusBar.SetFieldsCount(number = 2)
		self.SetStatusWidths([-1,35])
		self.StatusBar.SetStatusText("Welcome to Changer！Version 2.0",0)
		#关闭
	def OnExit(self, event):
		"""退出程序"""
		# wx.Exit()
		self.Close(True)
	# 确认
	def OnClickSubmit(self,event):
		"""单击确定执行此方法"""
		#读取数据
		self.timeCount = 0
		self.timer.Start(1000)    # 1 second interval(1秒间隔，默认是ms)
		self.StatusBar.SetStatusText("读取数据...",0)
		df_res = pd.DataFrame()		#定义一个空白DataFrame
		type_res = os.path.splitext(fileName[0])[1]
		if type_res == ".txt":
			for filePath in fileName:
				df = pd.read_table(filePath, encoding="gbk", engine = "python", header = 0)
				df_res = df_res.append(df, ignore_index=True, sort=False)
		elif type_res == ".csv":
			for filePath in fileName:
				df = pd.read_csv(filePath, encoding="gbk", engine = "python", header = 0)
				df_res = df_res.append(df, ignore_index=True, sort=False)
		elif type_res == ".xlsx" or type_res == ".xls":
			for filePath in fileName:
				df_dict = pd.read_excel(filePath, sheet_name = None, encoding="gbk", header = 0)
				for df in df_dict:
					df_res = df_res.append(df_dict[df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
		else:
			self.timer.Stop()
			wx.MessageBox("不支持该类型文件！")
		self.timer.Stop()
		#写入数据
		# self.timeCount = 0
		# self.timer.Start(1000)
		self.StatusBar.SetStatusText("写入数据...",0)
		file_name = self.text_path.GetValue()
		sType = os.path.splitext(file_name)[1]
		if os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(file_name)) ==True:
			if sType == ".csv" or sType == ".txt":
				try:
					df_res.to_csv(file_name, encoding="gbk",index=0)
					self.timer.Stop()
					wx.MessageBox("汇聚完成！")
					self.bt_open.Enable()
					self.bt_open.SetDefault()	
				except Exception as e:
					pass
			elif sType == ".xlsx" or sType == ".xls":
				try:
					df_res.to_excel(file_name, encoding="gbk",index=0)
					self.timer.Stop()
					wx.MessageBox("汇聚完成！")
					self.bt_open.Enable()
					self.bt_open.SetDefault()	
				except Exception as e:
					pass
			else:
				self.timer.Stop()
				wx.MessageBox("文件类型错误！\n允许保存为.csv;.xlsx;.xls")
		else:
			self.timer.Stop()
			wx.MessageBox("文件保存路径存在异常！")
		self.StatusBar.SetStatusText("Welcome to Changer！Version 2.0",0)
	# 打开文件夹
	def OnClickOpenRes(self,event):
		"""单击打开文件夹执行此方法"""
		# resPath = os.path.split(self.text_path.GetValue())[0]
		resPath = os.path.dirname(self.text_path.GetValue())
		if os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(resPath)) ==True:
			try:
				os.system("explorer.exe /n, "+ resPath)			#其中/n一定不能少
			except Exception as e:
				pass
		else:
			wx.MessageBox("路径不存在！")
	#文本框状态
	def OnTextCtrlState(self,event):
		"""文本框状态监听"""
		if self.text_select.GetValue() !="" and self.text_path.GetValue() != "":
			self.bt_confirm.Enable()
			self.bt_confirm.SetDefault()		# self.bt_reset.SetFocus()	也可获得焦点，但有虚线框
		else:
			self.bt_confirm.Disable()
	# 重置
	def OnClickReset(self,event):
		"""单击重置执行此方法"""
		self.text_select.SetValue("")
		self.text_path.SetValue("")
		self.bt_path.Disable()
		self.bt_confirm.Disable()
		self.bt_open.Disable()
	# 打开文件选择对话框
	def OnOpen(self, event):
		with wx.FileDialog(self, "Open Excel Files",pos=wx.DefaultPosition,wildcard="CSV 文件(*.csv)|*.csv|Excel 文件(*.xlsx;*.xls)|*.xlsx;*.xls|txt 文件(*.txt)|*.txt",
						style=wx.FD_OPEN | wx.FD_FILE_MUST_EXIST | wx.FD_MULTIPLE) as fileDialog:
			if fileDialog.ShowModal() == wx.ID_CANCEL:
				return     # 用户点了取消按钮
			global defPath, fileName
			defPath = fileDialog.GetDirectory()		#获取目录
			fileName = fileDialog.GetPaths()			#获取目录及文件名
			str_fileName = ";".join(fileName)
			self.text_select.SetValue(str_fileName)
			self.bt_path.Enable()
	# 设置默认保存路径
	def OnSetPath(self, event):
		t_write = time.strftime("%y%m%d%H%M%S", time.localtime())
		ftype = os.path.splitext(fileName[0])[1]		#取第一个文件的扩展名
		if ftype == ".txt":
			ftype = ".csv"
		fname = os.path.splitext(fileName[0])[0].split("\\")[-1] + "_" + t_write + ftype
		defFileName = os.path.join(defPath,fname)
		self.text_path.SetValue(defFileName)
	#另存为（自定义保存路径）
	def OnSaveAs(self, event):
		t_save = time.strftime("%y%m%d%H%M%S", time.localtime())
		defFile = os.path.splitext(fileName[0])[0].split("\\")[-1] + "_" + t_save
		with wx.FileDialog(self, "另存为", defaultFile = defFile, wildcard="CSV 文件(*.csv)|*.csv|Excel 文件(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx",
						   style=wx.FD_SAVE | wx.FD_OVERWRITE_PROMPT) as fileDialog:
			if fileDialog.ShowModal() == wx.ID_CANCEL:
				return     # 用户点了取消按钮
			uFileName = fileDialog.GetPath()
			self.text_path.SetValue(uFileName)


if __name__ == "__main__":
	app = wx.App()
	frm = FrmMain(parent=None,id=-1,title="参数查询工具")
	frm.Show()
	app.MainLoop()