basic TCP communication

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本文介绍了一个简单的TCP服务器和客户端程序的实现过程，包括创建套接字、绑定地址、监听连接请求、接收及发送数据等核心步骤。通过具体代码展示了如何在服务器与客户端之间进行双向通信。

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TCPServer.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>       // exit
#include <string.h>       // bzero
#include <sys/socket.h>   // socket
#include <netinet/in.h>   // struct sockaddr_in

#define   PORT       0x6666
#define SERVERIP   "127.0.0.1"
#define MAXQUEUE   100
#define   MAXBUF       4096

void err_exit(char *p)
{
   printf("error occured during %s\n", p);
   exit(1);
}

int main()
{
   int sockfd, clientfd, n, mark;
   socklen_t clientlen;
   struct sockaddr_in   server, client;
   char recvbuf[MAXBUF], sendbuf[MAXBUF];

   if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
       err_exit("socket");

   bzero(&server, sizeof(server));
   server.sin_family = AF_INET;
   server.sin_port = htons(PORT);
   server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVERIP);

   if ((n = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server, (socklen_t)sizeof(server))) < 0)
       err_exit("bind");

   if ((n = listen(sockfd, MAXQUEUE)) < 0)
       err_exit("listen");
   printf("server started!\n");

   mark = 0;
   while (1)
   {
       if (mark == 0)
       {
           clientlen = sizeof(client);
           bzero(&client, sizeof(client));
           if ((clientfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &clientlen)) < 0 )
           err_exit("accept");
           mark = 1;   // single process, only support one client
       }
       if ((n = recv(clientfd, recvbuf, MAXBUF, 0)) < 0)
           err_exit("recv");
       printf("\nrecv from client:\n\t%s", recvbuf);

       printf("\nInput a message send to client:\n\t");
       gets(sendbuf);
       if ((n = send(clientfd, sendbuf, sizeof(sendbuf), 0)) < 0)
           err_exit("send");
   }
   exit(0);
}

TCPClient.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#define   PORT       0x6666
#define   SERVERIP   "127.0.0.1"
#define MAXBUF       4096

void err_exit(const char *p)
{
   printf("error occured during %s\n", p);
   exit(1);
}

int main()
{
   int n, sockfd;
   struct sockaddr_in   servaddr;
   char recvbuf[MAXBUF], sendbuf[MAXBUF];

   if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
       err_exit("socket");

   bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
   servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
   servaddr.sin_port   = htons(PORT);
   servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVERIP);

   if ((n = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, (socklen_t)sizeof(servaddr))) < 0)
       err_exit("connect");

   while (1)
   {
       printf("\nInput a string send to server:\n\t");
       gets(sendbuf);
       if ((n = send(sockfd, sendbuf, MAXBUF, 0)) < 0)
           err_exit("send");

       if ((n = recv(sockfd, recvbuf, MAXBUF, 0)) < 0)
           err_exit("recv");
       printf("\nrecv from server:\n\t%s", recvbuf);
   }
   exit(0);
}