Maven查看当前生效的settings.xml

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本文介绍如何使用maven-help-plugin查看Maven项目的有效POM及settings.xml配置，帮助开发者理解Maven配置的实际效果。

用mvn help:effective-settings可以查看当前生效的settings.xml：

mvn help:effective-settings

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-help-plugin:2.2:effective-settings (default-cli) @ standalone-pom ---
[INFO] 
Effective user-specific configuration settings:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- Generated by Maven Help Plugin on 2017-06-09T03:30:36                  -->
<!-- See: http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-help-plugin/                -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->

<!-- ====================================================================== -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- Effective Settings for 'root' on 'localhost.localdomain'               -->
<!--                                                                        -->
<!-- ====================================================================== -->

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.1.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.1.0.xsd">
  <localRepository xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.1.0">/root/.m2/repository</localRepository>
  <mirrors xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.1.0">
    <mirror>
      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
      <name>aliyun maven</name>
      <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
      <id>alimaven</id>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>
  <pluginGroups xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.1.0">
    <pluginGroup>org.apache.maven.plugins</pluginGroup>
    <pluginGroup>org.codehaus.mojo</pluginGroup>
  </pluginGroups>
</settings>

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 6.348 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-06-09T15:30:37+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 9M/27M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

mvn -X命令可以查看settings.xml文件的读取顺序：

[root@localhost bin]# mvn -X
Apache Maven 3.5.0 (ff8f5e7444045639af65f6095c62210b5713f426; 2017-04-04T03:39:06+08:00)
Maven home: /soft/apache-maven-3.5.0
Java version: 1.7.0_80, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80/jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
...
[DEBUG] Populating class realm maven.api
[INFO] Error stacktraces are turned on.
[DEBUG] Message scheme: color
[DEBUG] Message styles: debug info warning error success failure strong mojo project
[DEBUG] Reading global settings from /soft/apache-maven-3.5.0/conf/settings.xml
[DEBUG] Reading user settings from /root/.m2/settings.xml
[DEBUG] Reading global toolchains from /soft/apache-maven-3.5.0/conf/toolchains.xml
[DEBUG] Reading user toolchains from /root/.m2/toolchains.xml
[DEBUG] Using local repository at /root/.m2/repository
[DEBUG] Using manager EnhancedLocalRepositoryManager with priority 10.0 for /root/.m2/repository
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[DEBUG] Using mirror alimaven (http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/) for central (https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2).
[DEBUG] Extension realms for project org.apache.maven:standalone-pom:pom:1: (none)
[DEBUG] Looking up lifecycle mappings for packaging pom from ClassRealm[plexus.core, parent: null]

总结：
maven-help-plugin是一个小巧的辅助工具，最简单的help:system可以打印所有可用的环境变量和Java系统属性。help:effective-pom和help:effective-settings最为有用。
help:effective-pom用于查看当前生效的POM内容，指合并了所有父POM（包括Super POM）后的XML，所以可用于检测POM中某个配置是否生效
effective-settings可用于查看当前生效的settings.xml文件内容，所以可用于判断某个settings配置是否生效