Nginx安装SSL证书，并设置http强制跳转https

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本文详细介绍了如何从零开始为Nginx服务器安装SSL证书，包括Nginx的下载、编译、配置以及SSL模块的启用。通过具体步骤说明了如何修改Nginx配置文件来支持HTTPS，确保网站数据传输的安全。

要为Nginx安装ssl证书，我们得先安装Nginx，在编译前配置时需要启用http_ssl_module

安装Nginx

下载nginx-1.16稳定版源码包，并解压

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz && \
tar xf nginx-1.16.0 -C /usr/src/

下载编译工具及所有依赖库

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel

编译前配置，需要添加ssl模块

/usr/src/configure --with-http_ssl_module

编译安装

make && make install

添加环境变量

echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin" >> /etc/profile && \
source /etc/profile

修改nginx的配置文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx

user  root;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  tx97106.com www.tx97106.com;
        
        #这一段是强制http跳转https需要添加的
	return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   /root/hexoblog/public;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

    #将该段的注释打开
    # HTTPS server
    
    server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name  tx97106.com www.tx97106.com;
		
	#这两段填写你的证书名称和所在的位置
        ssl_certificate      /usr/local/nginx/cert/1947226_www.tx97106.com.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key  /usr/local/nginx/cert/1947226_www.tx97106.com.key;

        ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  5m;

        ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

        location / {
            root   /root/hexoblog/public;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

}