11520 - Fill the Square

本文深入探讨了程序设计和算法优化的关键技巧,通过实际案例展示了如何提高代码效率和解决问题的策略。

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纯暴力。
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 20;
const int dx[] = {-1, 0, 1, 0};
const int dy[] = {0, 1, 0, -1};
int T, n, kase = 0;
char str[maxn][maxn];

int main() {
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while(T--) {
        scanf("%d", &n);
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
            scanf("%s", str[i] + 1);
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
            for(int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) {
                if(str[i][j] == '.') {
                    for(char ch = 'A'; ch != 'Z'; ++ch) {
                        bool ok = true;
                        for(int k = 0; k < 4; ++k) {
                            int nx = dx[k] + i, ny = dy[k] + j;
                            if(ch == str[nx][ny]) ok = false;
                        }
                        if(ok) {
                            str[i][j] = ch;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        printf("Case %d:\n", ++kase);
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
            printf("%s\n", str[i] + 1);
    }
    return 0;
}

Implement the classic method for composing secret messages called a square code. Given an English text, output the encoded version of that text. First, the input is normalized: the spaces and punctuation are removed from the English text and the message is down-cased. Then, the normalized characters are broken into rows. These rows can be regarded as forming a rectangle when printed with intervening newlines. For example, the sentence ```text "If man was meant to stay on the ground, god would have given us roots." ``` is normalized to: ```text "ifmanwasmeanttostayonthegroundgodwouldhavegivenusroots" ``` The plaintext should be organized into a rectangle as square as possible. The size of the rectangle should be decided by the length of the message. If `c` is the number of columns and `r` is the number of rows, then for the rectangle `r` x `c` find the smallest possible integer `c` such that: - `r * c >= length of message`, - and `c >= r`, - and `c - r <= 1`. Our normalized text is 54 characters long, dictating a rectangle with `c = 8` and `r = 7`: ```text "ifmanwas" "meanttos" "tayonthe" "groundgo" "dwouldha" "vegivenu" "sroots " ``` The coded message is obtained by reading down the columns going left to right. The message above is coded as: ```text "imtgdvsfearwermayoogoanouuiontnnlvtwttddesaohghnsseoau" ``` Output the encoded text in chunks that fill perfect rectangles `(r X c)`, with `c` chunks of `r` length, separated by spaces. For phrases that are `n` characters short of the perfect rectangle, pad each of the last `n` chunks with a single trailing space. ```text "imtgdvs fearwer mayoogo anouuio ntnnlvt wttddes aohghn sseoau " ``` 上述为题目要求,请用C语言实现,函数声明如下: char *ciphertext(const char *input)
08-13
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