图形类的派生与继承（求面积与求周长）

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-29 23:18:02 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-29 23:18:02 发布

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文章标签：图形类的派生与继承求面积与求周长

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Swust_Zeng_zhuo_K/article/details/71170902

本文介绍了一个使用C++实现的图形类设计案例，包括长方形、圆形和三角形等基本图形的抽象基类定义及派生类实现。通过多态特性实现了不同图形面积与周长的统一计算。

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图形基类

TuXing.h文件

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
class TuXing
{
public:
	TuXing();
	~TuXing();
	virtual double QiuMianJi() = 0;//求面积
	virtual double QiuZhouChang() = 0;//求周长
};

ChangFangXing.h文件

#pragma once
#include "TuXing.h"
class ChangFangXing :
	public TuXing
{
public:
	ChangFangXing();
	~ChangFangXing();
private:
	double Chang;
	double Kuang;
public:
	void SetChang(double x);//设置长
	void SetKuang(double x);//设置宽
	double GetChang();//获取长
	double GetKuang();//获取宽
	double QiuMianJi();//求面积函数覆盖
	double QiuZhouChang();//求周长函数覆盖
};

ChangFangXing.cpp文件

#include "ChangFangXing.h"



ChangFangXing::ChangFangXing()
{
	Chang = 0.0;
	Kuang = 0.0;

	cout << "请输入长方形的长和宽:（以空格分开）";
	cin >> Chang >> Kuang;
	cout << "长方形初始化完成" << endl;
}


ChangFangXing::~ChangFangXing()
{

}


void ChangFangXing::SetChang(double x)
{
	Chang = x;
}


void ChangFangXing::SetKuang(double x)
{
	Kuang = x;
}


double ChangFangXing::GetChang()
{
	return Chang;
}


double ChangFangXing::GetKuang()
{
	return Kuang;
}


double ChangFangXing::QiuMianJi()
{
	return Chang*Kuang;
}


double ChangFangXing::QiuZhouChang()
{
	return (Chang+Kuang)*2;
}

Circle.h文件

#pragma once
#include "TuXing.h"
class Circle :
	public TuXing
{
public:
	Circle();
	virtual ~Circle();
private:
	double R;
public:
	double QiuMianJi();//求面积函数覆盖
	double QiuZhouChang();//求周长函数覆盖
	void SetR(double x);//设置半径
	double GetR();//获取半径
};

Circle.cpp文件

#include "Circle.h"



Circle::Circle()
{
	R = 0.0;
	cout << "请输入圆的半径";
	cin >> R;
	cout << "圆初始化完成" << endl;

}


Circle::~Circle()
{
}


double Circle::QiuMianJi()
{
	return 3.14*R*R;
}


double Circle::QiuZhouChang()
{
	return 2 * 3.14*R;
}


void Circle::SetR(double x)
{
	R = x;
}


double Circle::GetR()
{
	return R;
}

SangJiaoXing.h文件

#pragma once
#include "TuXing.h"
class SangJiaoXing :
	public TuXing
{
public:
	SangJiaoXing();
	~SangJiaoXing();
private:
	double a;
	double b;
	double c;
public:
//	void SetA();
	void SetB(double x);//设置b长度
	double SetC(double x);//设置c长度
	void SetA(double x);//设置a长度
	double GetA();//获取a长度
	double GetB();//获取b长度
	double GetC();//获取c长度
	double QiuMianJi();//求面积函数覆盖
	double QiuZhouChang();//求周长函数覆盖
};

SangJiaoXing.cpp文件

#include "SangJiaoXing.h"



SangJiaoXing::SangJiaoXing()
{
	a = 0.0;
	b = 0.0;
	c = 0.0;
	cout << "请输入三角形三条边a,b,c：（以空格分开）";
	cin >> a >> b >> c;
	cout << "三角形初始化完成" << endl;
}


SangJiaoXing::~SangJiaoXing()
{

}


//void SangJiaoXing::SetA()
//{
//}


void SangJiaoXing::SetB(double x)
{
	b = x;
}


double SangJiaoXing::SetC(double x)
{
	return c;
}


void SangJiaoXing::SetA(double x)
{
	a = x;
}


double SangJiaoXing::GetA()
{
	return a;
}


double SangJiaoXing::GetB()
{
	return b;
}


double SangJiaoXing::GetC()
{
	return c;
}


double SangJiaoXing::QiuMianJi()
{
	double temp = (a + b + c) / 2;
	double s = sqrt(temp*(temp - a)*(temp - b)*(temp - c));
	return s;
}


double SangJiaoXing::QiuZhouChang()
{
	return a+b+c;
}

主程序

#include"TuXing.h"
#include"ChangFangXing.h"
#include"Circle.h"
#include"SangJiaoXing.h"
int main()
{
	vector<TuXing*>Many;
	int n;
	cout << "请输入你要创建的图形数量：";
	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		int a;
		cout << "请选择你要创建的图形：1，长方形；2，圆；3,三角形" << endl;
		cin >> a;
		if (a == 1)
		{
			ChangFangXing *p;
			p = new ChangFangXing;
			Many.push_back(p);
		}
		else if (a == 2)
		{
			Circle *p;
			p = new Circle;
			Many.push_back(p);
		}
		else
		{
			SangJiaoXing *p;
			p = new SangJiaoXing;
			Many.push_back(p);
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		cout <<"面积为："<< Many[i]->QiuMianJi() << ' '<<"周长为：" << Many[i]->QiuZhouChang() << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}