Loading XML with Javascript-优快云博客

本文详细介绍了使用JavaScript加载XML文件的三种方法，并通过表格形式展示了不同浏览器对本地和远程文件的加载兼容性。重点讨论了ActiveX、createDocument和XMLHttpRequest方法在各种情况下的应用效果，帮助开发者了解如何在不同环境下实现XML文件的高效加载。

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转载：http://www.steveborn.com/codenotes/LoadingXML.htm

There are three methods I know of that can be used by Javascript to load an XML document for parsing and display in the HTML by Javascript. They are given below, along with a table that shows the results each of these methods will have when loading an XML document by Javascript using the various browsers available for Windows platforms. By a local HTML or local XML file, I mean one which resides on the user's own computer, and by a remote HTML or remote XML file I mean one which resides on the Web and is accessed using the http:// prefix. In cases where both files are remote, they must both be in the same domain (e.g., www.somedomain.com) for the loading of the XML document to succeed. Otherwise, it will fail with an "access is denied" error message. In cases where both files are local, I've tested only cases in which both files are in the same directory and the XML file is accessed simply using its filename (e.g., "test.xml").

ActiveX:
xmlDoc = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM");
xmlDoc.async = false;
while(xmlDoc.readyState != 4) {};
xmlDoc.load(xmlfile);
readXML();

createDocument:
xmlDoc = document.implementation.createDocument("", "", null);
xmlDoc.onload = readXML;
xmlDoc.load(xmlfile);

XMLHttpRequest:
var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xmlhttp.open("GET", xmlfile, false);
xmlhttp.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'text/xml');
xmlhttp.send("");
xmlDoc = xmlhttp.responseXML;
readXML();

Loaded by Browser⇓ Using⇒

ActiveX

createDocument

XMLHttpRequest

Local HTML/Local XML

Works

Fails

Chrome

Fails

Works

Safari

Fails

Works

Firefox

Fails

Works

Opera

Fails

Works

Local HTML/Remote XML

Works

Fails

Works

Chrome

Fails

Safari

Fails

Works

Firefox

Fails

Opera

Fails

Remote HTML/Remote XML

Works

Fails

Works

Chrome

Fails

Works

Safari

Fails

Works

Firefox

Fails

Works

Opera

Fails

Works

Using this information, I've come up with the following Javascript code that will load an XML file in just about any situation, if there's a way for that to happen using a given browser. It must be noted that some situations just won't work. For example, if you're doing development using Chrome, Firefox, or Opera, and you have a local HTML file that uses Javascript to load an XML file that resides someplace on the Web, you are trying to do something that just won't work, apparently because of the security precautions built into those browsers. To get the operation of loading a remote XML file with Javascript in a local HTML file to work you'll have to use IE (which will succeed using either the "ActiveX" or "XMLHttpRequest" methods above) or Safari (which will succeed using the "XMLHttpRequest" method above).

This code assumes that readXML is the name of a Javascript function that uses the global variablexmlDoc to access the DOM tree, and that initLibrary() is called with the onload handler from the HTMLbody tag like this:
<body onload="initLibrary()">
The file name passed into the importXML function can of course be changed to any local or remote XML file name, depending on which one you want to load.

    var xmlDoc;
    var xmlloaded = false;

    function initLibrary()
    {
        importXML("http:///www.somedomain.com/somesubdir/somefile.xml");
    }

    function importXML(xmlfile)
    {
        try
        {
            var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
            xmlhttp.open("GET", xmlfile, false);
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            var ie = (typeof window.ActiveXObject != 'undefined');

            if (ie)
            {
                xmlDoc = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM");
                xmlDoc.async = false;
                while(xmlDoc.readyState != 4) {};
                xmlDoc.load(xmlfile);
                readXML();
                xmlloaded = true;
            }
            else
            {
                xmlDoc = document.implementation.createDocument("", "", null);
                xmlDoc.onload = readXML;
                xmlDoc.load(xmlfile);
                xmlloaded = true;
            }
        }

        if (!xmlloaded)
        {
            xmlhttp.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'text/xml')
            xmlhttp.send("");
            xmlDoc = xmlhttp.responseXML;
            readXML();
            xmlloaded = true;
        }
    }