Springboot集成RabbitMQ

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-26 14:16:45 发布

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原文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/hellozpc/article/details/81436980

本文详细介绍了如何在SpringBoot项目中集成RabbitMQ，包括简单队列、TopicExchange和FanoutExchange的配置与使用。通过代码示例，展示了发送者与接收者的实现过程。

Springboot集成RabbitMQ

springboot集成RabbitMQ非常简单，如果只是简单的使用配置非常少，springboot提供了spring-boot-starter-amqp对消息各种支持
原文链接: 鸟哥.

配置

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

spring.application.name=spirng-boot-rabbitmq
spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=admin

1.简单队列

配置队列

package com.zpc.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue("q_hello");
    }
}

发送者

package com.zpc.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

@Component
public class HelloSender {
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send() {
        String date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());//24小时制
        String context = "hello " + date;
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        //简单对列的情况下routingKey即为Q名
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("q_hello", context);
    }
}

接受者

package com.zpc.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q_hello")
public class HelloReceiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver  : " + hello);
    }
}

2.Topic Exchange

将路由键和某模式进行匹配。此时队列需要绑定要一个模式上。符号“#”匹配一个或多个词，符号“”匹配不多不少一个词。因此“audit.#”能够匹配到“audit.irs.corporate”，但是“audit.” 只会匹配到“audit.irs”。我在RedHat的朋友做了一张不错的图，来表明topic交换机是如何工作的：

配置队列

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {

    final static String message = "q_topic_message";
    final static String messages = "q_topic_messages";

    @Bean
    public Queue queueMessage() {
        return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.message);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queueMessages() {
        return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.messages);
    }

    /**
     * 声明一个Topic类型的交换机
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    TopicExchange exchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("mybootexchange");
    }

    /**
     * 绑定Q到交换机,并且指定routingKey
     * @param queueMessage
     * @param exchange
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeMessage(Queue queueMessage, TopicExchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with("topic.message");
    }

    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeMessages(Queue queueMessages, TopicExchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");
    }
}

发送者

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MsgSender {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send1() {
        String context = "hi, i am message 1";
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("mybootexchange", "topic.message", context);
    }


    public void send2() {
        String context = "hi, i am messages 2";
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("mybootexchange", "topic.messages", context);
    }
}

接受者

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q_topic_message")
public class Receiver1 {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver1  : " + hello);
    }
}

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q_topic_messages")
public class Receiver2 {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver2 : " + hello);
    }
}

Fanout Exchange（订阅模式）

不处理路由键。你只需要简单的将队列绑定到交换机上。一个发送到交换机的消息都会被转发到与该交换机绑定的所有队列上。很像子网广播，每台子网内的主机都获得了一份复制的消息。Fanout交换机转发消息是最快的

配置队列

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class FanoutRabbitConfig {

    @Bean
    public Queue aMessage() {
        return new Queue("q_fanout_A");
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue bMessage() {
        return new Queue("q_fanout_B");
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue cMessage() {
        return new Queue("q_fanout_C");
    }

    @Bean
    FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
        return new FanoutExchange("mybootfanoutExchange");
    }

    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeA(Queue aMessage, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(aMessage).to(fanoutExchange);
    }

    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeB(Queue bMessage, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(bMessage).to(fanoutExchange);
    }

    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeC(Queue cMessage, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(cMessage).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
}

发送者

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MsgSenderFanout {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send() {
        String context = "hi, fanout msg ";
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("mybootfanoutExchange","", context);
    }
}

接受者（3个）

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q_fanout_A")
public class ReceiverA {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("AReceiver  : " + hello + "/n");
    }
}

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q_fanout_B")
public class ReceiverB {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("BReceiver  : " + hello + "/n");
    }
}

package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "q_fanout_C")
public class ReceiverC {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("CReceiver  : " + hello + "/n");
    }
}

Springboot集成RabbitMQ

Springboot集成RabbitMQ

配置

1.简单队列

配置队列

发送者

接受者

2.Topic Exchange

配置队列

发送者

接受者

Fanout Exchange（订阅模式）

配置队列

发送者

接受者 （3个）

接受者（3个）