该文详细介绍了如何在CentOS7.9服务器上部署openGauss5.0.0企业版的单节点配置，包括操作系统配置、安装前检查、安装包解压、XML配置文件编辑、安装过程、安装后的验证以及数据库初始化和用户管理。同时，文章提到了安装过程中需要注意的系统参数调整，如TCP重试次数、MTU设置、资源限制等，以及数据库的启动和停止操作。
openGauss企业版单节点部署指南
🚗部署环境：CentOS 7.9
🚋服务器配置：16C32G
🍰安装包：openGauss-5.0.0-CentOS-64bit-all.tar.gz
操作系统配置
检查操作系统配置，并安装所需软件包：
# 检查是否已安装python3
python3 -V
# 安装相关软件包
yum install -y bzip2 libaio-devel flex bison ncurses-devel glibc-devel patch redhat-lsb-core readline-devel
# 检查SELINUX和防火墙是否已关闭
cat /etc/selinux/config | grep -v '^#' | grep SELINUX
systemctl status firewalld
# 修改为统一时区
date
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
# 检查网卡MTU
ifconfig | grep mtu
解压缩安装包到指定路径下：
# 创建安装包存放目录
mkdir -p /opt/software/openGauss
chmod 755 -R /opt/software
# 解压安装包
cd /opt/software/openGauss
tar -zxvf openGauss-5.0.0-CentOS-64bit-all.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openGauss-5.0.0-CentOS-64bit-om.tar.gz
单节点配置文件
拷贝XML部署配置文件：
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# cp script/gspylib/etc/conf/cluster_config_template.xml cluster_config.xml
编辑XML部署配置文件，添加集群信息和节点信息：
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# cat cluster_config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ROOT>
<CLUSTER>
<PARAM name="clusterName" value="Gstest" />
<PARAM name="nodeNames" value="gsdb_node"/>
<PARAM name="gaussdbAppPath" value="/opt/openGauss/app" />
<PARAM name="gaussdbLogPath" value="/opt/openGauss/log/omm" />
<PARAM name="tmpMppdbPath" value="/opt/openGauss/tmp"/>
<PARAM name="gaussdbToolPath" value="/opt/openGauss/tool" />
<PARAM name="corePath" value="/opt/openGauss/corefile"/>
<PARAM name="backIp1s" value="192.168.166.98"/>
</CLUSTER>
<DEVICELIST>
<DEVICE sn="gsdb_node">
<PARAM name="name" value="gsdb_node"/>
<PARAM name="azName" value="AZ1"/>
<PARAM name="azPriority" value="1"/>
<PARAM name="backIp1" value="192.168.166.98"/>
<PARAM name="sshIp1" value="192.168.166.98"/>
<!-- dn -->
<PARAM name="dataNum" value="1"/>
<PARAM name="dataPortBase" value="15400"/>
<PARAM name="dataNode1" value="/opt/openGauss/data/dn"/>
<PARAM name="dataNodeXlogPath1" value="/opt/openGauss/log/gauss_xlog "/>
<PARAM name="dataNode1_syncNum" value="0"/>
</DEVICE>
</DEVICELIST>
</ROOT>
安装前检查
在hosts文件中添加节点映射信息：
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
#Gauss OM IP Hosts Mapping
192.168.166.98 gsdb_node
#Gauss OM IP Hosts Mapping
创建数据库管理用户和数据目录：
groupadd pgauss
useradd gauss -g pgauss -d /home/gauss
mkdir /opt/openGauss/
chown -R gauss:pgauss /opt/openGauss/
chown -R gauss:pgauss /opt/software/openGauss
以root用户执行预安装操作：
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# cd /opt/software/openGauss/script
[root@gsdb_node script]# ./gs_preinstall -U gauss -G pgauss -L -X /opt/software/openGauss/cluster_config.xml
Parsing the configuration file.
Successfully parsed the configuration file.
Installing the tools on the local node.
Successfully installed the tools on the local node.
Setting host ip env
Successfully set host ip env.
Preparing SSH service.
Successfully prepared SSH service.
Checking OS software.
Successfully check os software.
Checking OS version.
Successfully checked OS version.
Creating cluster's path.
Successfully created cluster's path.
Set and check OS parameter.
Setting OS parameters.
Successfully set OS parameters.
Warning: Installation environment contains some warning messages.
Please get more details by "/opt/software/openGauss/script/gs_checkos -i A -h gsdb_node --detail".
Set and check OS parameter completed.
Preparing CRON service.
Successfully prepared CRON service.
Setting user environmental variables.
Successfully set user environmental variables.
Setting the dynamic link library.
Successfully set the dynamic link library.
Setting Core file
Successfully set core path.
Setting pssh path
Successfully set pssh path.
Setting Cgroup.
Successfully set Cgroup.
Set ARM Optimization.
No need to set ARM Optimization.
Fixing server package owner.
Setting finish flag.
Successfully set finish flag.
Preinstallation succeeded.
检查warning项目：
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# /opt/software/openGauss/script/gs_checkos -i A -h gsdb_node --detail
Checking items:
A1. [ OS version status ] : Normal
[gsdb_node]
centos_7.9.2009_64bit
A2. [ Kernel version status ] : Normal
The names about all kernel versions are same. The value is "3.10.0-1160.80.1.el7.x86_64".
A3. [ Unicode status ] : Normal
The values of all unicode are same. The value is "LANG=en_US.UTF-8".
A4. [ Time zone status ] : Normal
The informations about all timezones are same. The value is "+0800".
A5. [ Swap memory status ] : Normal
The value about swap memory is correct.
A6. [ System control parameters status ] : Warning
[gsdb_node]
Warning reason: variable 'net.ipv4.tcp_retries1' RealValue '3' ExpectedValue '5'.
Warning reason: variable 'net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries' RealValue '6' ExpectedValue '5'.
Check_SysCtl_Parameter warning.
A7. [ File system configuration status ] : Warning
[gsdb_node]
Warning reason: variable 'open files' RealValue '1024' ExpectedValue '1000000'
Warning reason: variable 'max user processes' RealValue '127842' ExpectedValue 'unlimited'
A8. [ Disk configuration status ] : Normal
The value about XFS mount parameters is correct.
A9. [ Pre-read block size status ] : Normal
The value about Logical block size is correct.
A11.[ Network card configuration status ] : Warning
[gsdb_node]
BondMode Null
Warning reason: network 'eth0' 'mtu' RealValue '1500' ExpectedValue '8192'
Warning reason: network 'eth0' 'tx' RealValue '512' ExpectValue '4096'.
A12.[ Time consistency status ] : Normal
The ntpd service is started, local time is "2023-06-16 08:48:47".
A13.[ Firewall service status ] : Normal
The firewall service is stopped.
A14.[ THP service status ] : Normal
The THP service is stopped.
Total numbers:13. Abnormal numbers:0. Warning numbers:3.
调整系统参数：
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf | grep 'net.ipv4.tcp_retries1'
net.ipv4.tcp_retries1 = 5
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf | grep 'net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries'
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 5
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# sysctl -p
修改网卡MTU配置：
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 | grep -i mtu
MTU=8192
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# systemctl restart network
[root@gsdb_node openGauss]# ifconfig eth0 | grep mtu
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 8192
资源限制要切换一次用户才会生效：
[root@gsdb_node ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf | grep -v '^#' | grep nofile
root soft nofile 1000000
gauss soft nofile 1000000
root hard nofile 1000000
gauss hard nofile 1000000
[root@gsdb_node ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf | grep -v '^#' | grep nproc
root soft nproc unlimited
gauss soft nproc unlimited
root hard nproc unlimited
gauss hard nproc unlimited
关闭透明大页：
[root@gsdb_node ~]# cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
always madvise [never]
[root@gsdb_node ~]# cat /etc/default/grub | grep CMDLINE
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto spectre_v2=retpoline rd.lvm.lv=VolGroup/lv_root rd.lvm.lv=VolGroup/lv_swap rhgb quiet transparent_hugepage=never"
[root@gsdb_node ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
执行openGauss安装
切换到gauss用户来执行数据库安装：
[root@gsdb_node ~]# su - gauss
[gauss@gsdb_node ~]$ cd /opt/software/openGauss/script
[gauss@gsdb_node script]$ gs_install -X /opt/software/openGauss/cluster_config.xml --gsinit-parameter="--locale=en_US.utf8"
Parsing the configuration file.
Check preinstall on every node.
Successfully checked preinstall on every node.
Creating the backup directory.
Successfully created the backup directory.
begin deploy..
Installing the cluster.
begin prepare Install Cluster..
Checking the installation environment on all nodes.
begin install Cluster..
Installing applications on all nodes.
Successfully installed APP.
begin init Instance..
encrypt cipher and rand files for database.
Please enter password for database: #--输入数据库密码
Please repeat for database:
begin to create CA cert files
The sslcert will be generated in /opt/openGauss/app/share/sslcert/om
NO cm_server instance, no need to create CA for CM.
Non-dss_ssl_enable, no need to create CA for DSS
Cluster installation is completed.
Configuring.
Deleting instances from all nodes.
Successfully deleted instances from all nodes.
Checking node configuration on all nodes.
Initializing instances on all nodes.
Updating instance configuration on all nodes.
Check consistence of memCheck and coresCheck on database nodes.
Configuring pg_hba on all nodes.
Configuration is completed.
The cluster status is Normal.
Successfully started cluster.
Successfully installed application.
end deploy..
安装后验证
安装后验证：
[gauss@gsdb_node script]$ ps -ef | grep gaussdb
gauss 42377 1 5 10:25 ? 00:00:15 /opt/openGauss/app/bin/gaussdb -D /opt/openGauss/data/dn
gauss 43562 39608 0 10:29 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gaussdb
[gauss@gsdb_node script]$ du -sh /opt/openGauss/
1.5G /opt/openGauss/
检查集群状态：
[gauss@gsdb_node ~]$ gs_om -t status --detail
[ Cluster State ]
cluster_state : Normal
redistributing : No
current_az : AZ_ALL
[ Datanode State ]
node node_ip port instance state
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 gsdb_node 192.168.166.98 15400 6001 /opt/openGauss/data/dn P Primary Normal
连接到postgres数据库：
[gauss@gsdb_node script]$ gsql -d postgres -p 15400
gsql ((openGauss 5.0.0 build a07d57c3) compiled at 2023-03-29 03:07:56 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
openGauss=# help
You are using gsql, the command-line interface to gaussdb.
Type: \copyright for distribution terms
\h for help with SQL commands
\? for help with gsql commands
\g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
\q to quit
openGauss=# \q
初始化数据库
连接到数据库，并执行建库和建表操作：
[gauss@gsdb_node script]$ gsql -d postgres -p 15400
openGauss=# CREATE DATABASE mydb WITH ENCODING 'GBK' template = template0;
ERROR: encoding "GBK" does not match locale "en_US.utf8"
DETAIL: The chosen LC_CTYPE setting requires encoding "UTF8".
openGauss=# CREATE DATABASE mydb WITH ENCODING 'UTF8' template = template0;
CREATE DATABASE
openGauss=# select datname from pg_database;
datname
-----------
template1
mydb
template0
postgres
(4 rows)
openGauss=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+-------+----------+------------+------------+-------------------
mydb | gauss | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |
postgres | gauss | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |
template0 | gauss | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | =c/gauss +
| | | | | gauss=CTc/gauss
template1 | gauss | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | =c/gauss +
| | | | | gauss=CTc/gauss
(4 rows)
openGauss=# \c mydb
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
You are now connected to database "mydb" as user "gauss".
mydb=# CREATE TABLE customer_t1
(
c_customer_sk integer,
c_customer_id char(5),
c_first_name char(6),
c_last_name char(8),
Amount integer
);
CREATE TABLE
mydb=# \dp
Access privileges
Schema | Name | Type | Access privileges | Column access privileges
--------+-------------+-------+-------------------+--------------------------
public | customer_t1 | table | |
(1 row)
查看数据库用户
mydb-# \c postgres
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
You are now connected to database "postgres" as user "gauss".
openGauss=# select username from pg_user;
ERROR: column "username" does not exist
LINE 1: select username from pg_user;
^
CONTEXT: referenced column: username
openGauss=# \d pg_user
View "pg_catalog.pg_user"
Column | Type | Modifiers
------------------+--------------------------+-----------
usename | name |
usesysid | oid |
usecreatedb | boolean |
usesuper | boolean |
usecatupd | boolean |
userepl | boolean |
passwd | text |
valbegin | timestamp with time zone |
valuntil | timestamp with time zone |
respool | name |
parent | oid |
spacelimit | text |
useconfig | text[] |
nodegroup | name |
tempspacelimit | text |
spillspacelimit | text |
usemonitoradmin | boolean |
useoperatoradmin | boolean |
usepolicyadmin | boolean |
openGauss=# select usename from pg_user;
usename
---------
gauss
(1 row)
openGauss启停
登录数据库主节点来执行集群的启停操作。
停止集群：
[gauss@gsdb_node openGauss]$ gs_om -t stop
Stopping cluster.
=========================================
Successfully stopped cluster.
=========================================
End stop cluster.
[gauss@gsdb_node openGauss]$ gs_om -t status --detail
[ Cluster State ]
cluster_state : Unavailable
redistributing : No
current_az : AZ_ALL
[ Datanode State ]
node node_ip port instance state
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 gsdb_node 192.168.166.98 15400 6001 /opt/openGauss/data/dn P Primary Manually stopped
启动集群：
[gauss@gsdb_node openGauss]$ gs_om -t start
Starting cluster.
=========================================
[SUCCESS] gsdb_node
2023-06-16 13:52:13.385 648bf88d.1 [unknown] 139787170578688 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000 0 [BACKEND] WARNING: could not create any HA TCP/IP sockets
2023-06-16 13:52:13.385 648bf88d.1 [unknown] 139787170578688 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000 0 [BACKEND] WARNING: could not create any HA TCP/IP sockets
=========================================
Successfully started.
#检查集群状态
[gauss@gsdb_node openGauss]$ gs_om -t status --detail
[ Cluster State ]
cluster_state : Normal
redistributing : No
current_az : AZ_ALL
[ Datanode State ]
node node_ip port instance state
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 gsdb_node 192.168.166.98 15400 6001 /opt/openGauss/data/dn P Primary Normal
#检查节点实例状态
[gauss@gsdb_node openGauss]$ gs_om -t status -h gsdb_node
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
cluster_state : Normal
redistributing : No
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
node : 1
node_name : gsdb_node
instance_id : 6001
node_ip : 192.168.166.98
data_path : /opt/openGauss/data/dn
instance_port : 15400
type : Datanode
instance_state : Normal
az_name : AZ1
instance_role : Normal
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
References
[1] https://docs.opengauss.org/en/docs/5.0.0/docs/GettingStarted/GettingStarted.html
扫一扫
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
