CentOS 通过465端口发送QQ邮件

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本文详细介绍如何在Linux环境下配置QQ邮箱SMTP服务，包括开启SMTP、获取授权码、配置Postfix、创建认证、配置邮件发送者及测试邮件发送流程。

1.QQ邮箱开启SMTP并获取授权码

进入QQ邮箱，选择设置-账户，开启如图两个SMTP，并获取授权码

2.关闭sendmail服务

[root@ruozedata001 ~]# service sendmail stop 
[root@ruozedata001 ~]# chkconfig sendmail off

3.修改/etc/postfix/main.cf

[root@ruozedata001 ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf 
# 默认为 inet_interfaces = localhost，修改成all
inet_interfaces = all

4.启动postfix服务

[root@ruozedata001 ~]# service postfix start 
[root@ruozedata001 ~]# chkconfig postfix on 
[root@ruozedata001 ~]# postfix check 
[root@ruozedata001 ~]# systemctl status postfix
# 启动成功输出
● postfix.service - Postfix Mail Transport Agent
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postfix.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2019-08-24 15:59:32 CST; 3h 4min ago
 Main PID: 1965 (master)
   CGroup: /system.slice/postfix.service
           ├─1965 /usr/libexec/postfix/master -w
           ├─1967 qmgr -l -t unix -u
           └─3545 pickup -l -t unix -u

Aug 24 15:59:31 ruozedata001 systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent...
Aug 24 15:59:32 ruozedata001 postfix/postfix-script[1963]: starting the Postfix mail system
Aug 24 15:59:32 ruozedata001 postfix/master[1965]: daemon started -- version 2.10.1, configurat...ix
Aug 24 15:59:32 ruozedata001 systemd[1]: Started Postfix Mail Transport Agent.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

5.创建认证

[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ mkdir -p ~/.certs/ 
[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ echo -n | openssl s_client -connect smtp.qq.com:465 | sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE -/,/-END [hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ CERTIFICATE-/p' > ~/.certs/qq.crt 
[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ certutil -A -n "GeoTrust SSL CA" -t "C,," -d ~/.certs -i ~/.certs/qq.crt 
[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ certutil -A -n "GeoTrust Global CA" -t "C,," -d ~/.certs -i ~/.certs/qq.crt 
[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ certutil -L -d ~/.certs
[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ cd ~/.certs 
[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ certutil -A -n "GeoTrust SSL CA - G3" -t "Pu,Pu,Pu" -d ./ -i qq.crt
# 成功输出
Notice: Trust flag u is set automatically if the private key is present.

6.配置邮件发送者

[root@ruozedata001 ~]# vim /etc/mail.rc
# 底部添加发送着信息
set from=1115346515@qq.com	#邮箱
set smtp=smtps://smtp.qq.com:465 
set smtp-auth-user=1115346515 #QQ号
set smtp-auth-password=********** #刚才申请的授权码
set smtp-auth=login
set ssl-verify=ignore
set nss-config-dir=/home/hadoop/.certs # 认证文件路径，注意根据自己用户的路径填写不要盲目复制

7.测试

[hadoop@ruozedata001 ~]$ echo "邮件正文" | mail -s "邮件主题"  1115346515@qq.com

8.实时查看 Linux 日志

[root@ruozedata001 ~]# tail -f /var/log/maillog

9.生产上使用

9.1 发邮件不不带附件

EMAILFROM=503757851@qq.com
EMAILTO=503757851@qq.com # 多个接受者用 , 分割
echo -e "`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` : The current running $JOB_NAME job num is $RUNNINGNUM in 192.168.137.201 ......" | mail \
-r "From: alertAdmin <${EMAILFROM}>" \
-s "Warn: Skip the new $JOB_NAME spark job." ${EMAILTO}

9.2 发邮件带附件

echo -e "`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` : Please to check the fail sql attachement."|mailx \
-r "From: alertAdmin <${EMAILFROM}>" \
-a error.log \
-s "Critical:KSSH fail sql." ${EMAILTO}