解决Oracle Oracle-12514 Oracle-01034 Oracle-27101错误_sp2-0042:unknown command "startup"- rest of line i-优快云博客

本文详细记录了Oracle数据库从启动到遇到错误后的恢复过程，包括使用sysdba权限启动实例、数据库的mount和open操作，以及当账户被锁定时的应对策略。此外，还展示了如何通过SQL*Plus进行数据库的关闭、重启和恢复操作，直到数据库恢复正常运行。

1.补充 listener.ora 文件解决 Oracle-12514

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: F:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
   (SID_LIST =
      (SID_DESC =
         (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
         (ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\Silence\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
         (PROGRAM = extproc)
         (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:C:\Program Files\instantclient_11_2\oci.dll")
      )
         (SID_DESC =
         (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
         (ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\Silence\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
         (SID_NAME = orcl)
      )
   )

LISTENER =
   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
      (DESCRIPTION =
         (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
         (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
      )
   )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = C:\app\Silence

DEFAULT_SERVICE_LISTENER = (orcl)

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> stop
SP2-0042: unknown command "stop" - rest of line ignored.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 6614106112 bytes
Fixed Size 2188208 bytes
Variable Size 3523218512 bytes
Database Buffers 3070230528 bytes
Redo Buffers 18468864 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select * from v$log;

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---
STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
1 1 145 52428800 512 1 NO
INACTIVE 3494297 11-AUG-19 3516299 11-AUG-19

3 1 144 52428800 512 1 NO
INACTIVE 3485558 11-AUG-19 3494297 11-AUG-19

2 1 146 52428800 512 1 NO
CURRENT 3516299 11-AUG-19 2.8147E+14

SQL> select * from v$log;

3 1 144 52428800 512 1 NO
INACTIVE 3485558 11-AUG-19 3494297 11-AUG-19

2 1 146 52428800 512 1 NO
CURRENT 3516299 11-AUG-19 2.8147E+14

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> recover database until time '2019-08-11 12:12:12';
Media recovery complete.
SQL>
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.

C:\app\Silence\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Nov 3 22:20:11 2019

SQL>
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.