非阻塞读和写版 TCP回显C/S

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-11 10:14:09 发布

RGBMarco

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-11 10:14:09 发布

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分类专栏：网络编程文章标签： UNP APUE Unix/Linux网络编程非阻塞式I/O

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本文提供了一个非阻塞IO的实现案例，包括客户端和服务端的代码。客户端使用fcntl将套接字、标准输入和标准输出设为非阻塞模式，并通过select进行多路复用。服务端接受连接并回显收到的数据。

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通过fcntl设置套接字,标准输出,标准输入为非阻塞

客户端代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#define BUFSIZE 4096

int max(int a,int b) {
    return a > b ? a : b;
}

char* gf_time(void) {
    struct timeval tv;
    static char str[30];
    char* ptr;

    if (gettimeofday(&tv,NULL) < 0) {
        printf("gettimeofday error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }
    ptr = ctime(&tv.tv_sec);
    strcpy(str,&ptr[11]);
    snprintf(str + 8,sizeof(str) - 8,".%06ld",tv.tv_usec);
    return str;
}

void client_noblock_echo(int fd) {
    int val;
    val = fcntl(fd,F_GETFL,0);
    if (fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,val | O_NONBLOCK) < 0) {
        printf("fcntl error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }

    val = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO,F_GETFL,0);
    if (fcntl(STDIN_FILENO,F_SETFL,val | O_NONBLOCK) < 0) {
        printf("fcntl error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }

    val = fcntl(STDOUT_FILENO,F_GETFL,0);
    if (fcntl(STDOUT_FILENO,F_SETFL,val | O_NONBLOCK) < 0) {
        printf("fcntl error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }

    char to[BUFSIZE],from[BUFSIZE];
    char *tws,*twr; // 发送缓冲区准备发送的(wait send) 准备接收的数据(wait receive from stdin)
    char *fwo,*fwr; //接收缓冲区准备输出的(wait output to stdout) 准备接收的数据(receive from server)
    fd_set rs,ws;
    tws = twr = to;
    fwo = fwr = from;
    int ioeof = 0;
    int maxfdp1 = max(fd,max(STDOUT_FILENO,STDIN_FILENO)) + 1;
    int n,nw;
    for (; ;) {
        FD_ZERO(&rs);
        FD_ZERO(&ws);
        if (ioeof == 0 && twr < &to[BUFSIZE]) {
            FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO,&rs);
        }
        if (fwo != fwr) {
            FD_SET(STDOUT_FILENO,&ws);
        }
        if (tws != twr) {
            FD_SET(fd,&ws);
        }
        if (fwr < &from[BUFSIZE]) {
            FD_SET(fd,&rs);
        }
        if (select(maxfdp1,&rs,&ws,NULL,NULL) < 0) {
            printf("select error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
            exit(1);
        }
        if (FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO,&rs)) {
            if ((n = read(STDIN_FILENO,twr,&to[BUFSIZE] - twr)) < 0) {
                if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
                    printf("read error on stdin\n");
                }
            }else if (n == 0) {
                fprintf(stderr,"%s: EOF on stdin\n",gf_time());
                ioeof = 1;
                if (tws == twr) {
                    if (shutdown(fd,SHUT_WR) < 0) {
                        printf("shutdown error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
                        exit(1);
                    }
                }
            }else {
                fprintf(stderr,"%s: read %d bytes from stdin\n",gf_time(),n);
                twr += n;
                FD_SET(fd,&ws);
            }       
        }

        if (FD_ISSET(fd,&rs)) {
            if ((n = read(fd,from,&from[BUFSIZE] - fwr)) < 0) {
                if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK){
                    printf("read error on socket\n");
                    exit(1);
                }
            }else if (n == 0) {
                fprintf(stderr,"%s: EOF on socket\n",gf_time());
                if (ioeof) {
                    return;
                }else {
                    printf("client_noblock_echo: server terminated prematurely\n");
                    exit(1);
                }
            }else {
                fprintf(stderr,"%s: read %d bytes from socket\n",gf_time(),n);
                fwr += n;
                FD_SET(STDOUT_FILENO,&ws);
            }
        }

        if (FD_ISSET(STDOUT_FILENO,&ws) && ((n = fwr - fwo) > 0)) {
            if ((nw = write(STDOUT_FILENO,fwo,n)) < 0) {
                if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
                    printf("write error to stdout\n");
                    exit(1);
                }
            }else {
                fprintf(stderr,"%s: wrote %d bytes to stdout\n",gf_time(),nw);
                fwo += nw;
                if (fwo == fwr) {
                    fwr = fwo = from;
                }
            }
        }

        if (FD_ISSET(fd,&ws) && ((n = twr - tws) > 0)) {
            if ((nw = write(fd,tws,n)) < 0) {
                if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
                    printf("write to socket error\n");
                    exit(1);
                }
            }else {
                fprintf(stderr,"%s: write %d bytes to socket\n",gf_time(),nw);
                tws += nw;
                if (tws == twr) {
                    tws = twr = to;
                    if (ioeof) {
                        if (shutdown(fd,SHUT_WR) < 0) {
                            printf("shutdown error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
                            exit(1);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
int main(int argc,char** argv) {
    if (argc != 3) {
        printf("please check <hostname or ip address> <services name or port>\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    struct addrinfo hints;
    hints.ai_flags = AI_ALL;
    hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
    hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;

    struct addrinfo* results;
    int err;
    if ((err = getaddrinfo(argv[1],argv[2],&hints,&results)) != 0) {
        printf("getaddrinfo error: %s\n",gai_strerror(err));
        exit(1);
    }

    struct addrinfo* dummy = results;
    int sockfd;
    for (; dummy != NULL; dummy = dummy->ai_next) {
        if ((sockfd = socket(dummy->ai_family,dummy->ai_socktype,dummy->ai_protocol)) < 0) {
            continue;
        }
        if (connect(sockfd,dummy->ai_addr,dummy->ai_addrlen) == 0) {
            break;
        }
        close(sockfd);
    }

    if (dummy == NULL) {
        freeaddrinfo(results);
        printf("all socket failed\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    freeaddrinfo(results);
    client_noblock_echo(sockfd); 
    return 0;
}

服务端代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>

#define LISTENQ 100
#define BUFSIZE 4096

void server_echo(int fd) {
    char buf[BUFSIZE];
    int n;
    while ((n = read(fd,buf,BUFSIZE)) > 0) {
        if (write(fd,buf,n) != n) {
            printf("write to client error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
            exit(1);
        }
    }
}

void sig_child(int signo) {
    int pid;
    while ((pid = waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG)) > 0) {
        printf("child process %d terminated\n",pid);
    }
}
int main(int argc,char** argv) {
    if (argc != 2) {
        printf("please check or add <service name or port>\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    struct addrinfo hints;
    bzero(&hints,sizeof(struct addrinfo));

    hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
    hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
    hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;

    struct addrinfo* results;
    int err;
    if ((err = getaddrinfo(NULL,argv[1],&hints,&results)) != 0) {
        printf("getaddrinfo error: %s\n",gai_strerror(err));
        exit(1);
    }

    struct addrinfo* dummy = results;
    int sockfd;
    for (; dummy != NULL; dummy = dummy->ai_next) {
        if ((sockfd = socket(dummy->ai_family,dummy->ai_socktype,dummy->ai_protocol)) < 0) {
            continue;
        }

        if (bind(sockfd,dummy->ai_addr,dummy->ai_addrlen) == 0) {
            break;
        }
        close(sockfd);
    }

    if (dummy == NULL) {
        freeaddrinfo(results);
        printf("all socket failed\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    freeaddrinfo(results);
    if (listen(sockfd,LISTENQ) < 0) {
        printf("listen error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }
    if (signal(SIGCHLD,sig_child) == SIG_ERR) {
        printf("signal error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }
    int connfd;
    int ppid;
    for (; ;) {
        if ((connfd = accept(sockfd,NULL,NULL)) < 0) {
            if (errno == EINTR) {
                continue;
            }
            printf("accept error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
            exit(1);
        }
        if ((ppid = fork()) < 0) {
            printf("fork error: %s\n",strerror(errno));
            exit(1);
        }else if (ppid == 0) {
            close(sockfd);
            server_echo(connfd);
            close(connfd);
            exit(0);
        }
        close(connfd);
    }
}